A cloud-based identity and access management service for securing user authentication and resource access
Thank you for reaching out to us. As I understand you are looking to remediate the issues reported by defender for cloud for your Azure VM's.
As you mentioned you don't have domain setup, you can leverage Desired state Configuration option to push these settings to the Azure Machines.
Reference articles:
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/dsc/getting-started/wingettingstarted?view=dsc-1.1
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/governance/policy/concepts/guest-configuration?view=dsc-1.1
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/governance/policy/samples/guest-configuration-baseline-windows
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/defender-for-cloud/apply-security-baseline#:~:text=Next%20steps-,How%20do%20I%20deploy%20the%20prerequisites%20for%20the%20security%20configuration%20recommendations%3F,-To%20deploy%20the
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/governance/policy/samples/built-in-packages
Let me know if you have any further questions.
Please remember to "Accept Answer" if answer helped, so that others in the community facing similar issues can easily find the solution.