Hi @Auburger, Benedikt ,
Welcome to our forum!
I noticed that the issue occurred a few days ago, have you done any specific operations before that?
And what's the version of your Outlook 365? (File > Office Account > About Outlook). Please make sure you have upgraded your Outlook to the latest version.
Based on my research on the error you provide, I found an article mentioned that the issue may be related to the Hybrid Configuration wizard, as shown in the below figure:
If it's your issue, please try the solution in this official article: "0x80070005-0x0004dc-0x000524" error when a user sends updates to Calendar items that were created before Exchange Online migration (microsoft.com).
Hope the above help!
If the answer is helpful, please click "Accept Answer" and kindly upvote it. If you have extra questions about this answer, please click "Comment".
Note: Please follow the steps in our documentation to enable e-mail notifications if you want to receive the related email notification for this thread.