Hi Gabriel.
Thank you for reaching out here in the Microsoft Community.
In your description, you are unable to add a work account.
I noticed that you recently reinstalled Windows and after that you were unable to add a work account, and you were patient enough to provide us with screenshots, I do understand the frustration and inconvenience of not being able to add a work account in Settings at this time.
You mentioned that you can log in to your work account in Web Office, however, adding a work account in a Windows local account is not the same as logging in in the Web.
Because, when you add a work account in Windows, it usually requires some authorization or configuration by the organization (restricting the logon only to a specific device or computer name), and your computer will be managed by some policies and settings of the organization. The related authorization and configuration is likely to be tied to the computer name, and after you reinstall Windows, the computer name or related identifier is likely to have changed, resulting in the loss of some authorization or configuration information, which prevents you from adding or logging in.
In this case, you will likely need to contact your organization's IT administrators to have them help you complete the addition of your work account.
There are a few tests we can run to verify if this is a related cause of the problem.
In a personal Microsoft account, there are usually no policies or restrictions associated with it, so you can try associating a personal account in Settings, Accounts, Your info to see if you can do it successfully.
If it works, it means that you can add personal accounts with no restrictions, but you can't add work accounts with possible restrictions, which verifies that the problem lies in the restrictions of the work accounts.
In the meantime, you can refer to the following link to create a new local account
Manage User Accounts in Windows - Microsoft Support
To see if you can add a work account in the new local account.
Additionally, to further determine if there is a limitation on your work account, you can also try to add your work account on another computer to see if it can be added.
If you are unable to add it, this could also indicate that there is some limitation in your work account that is causing the problem.
We still recommend that you contact your organization's IT administrator to help you check the restrictions and complete the addition of your work account.
You can perform the above steps and let us know the results and we will continue to help you.
It would be an honor to provide you with some advice.
Thank you for your understanding and support.
Best regards,
Zev - MSFT | Microsoft Community Support Specialist