function Backup-ActiveDirectoryIFM
{
    param (
    [string]$IFMPath,
    [switch]$NoDefrag
    )
    $errorAction = 'stop'
    $minimumFreeSpace = 0.5TB
    $Mode = 'Full'
    if (!$IFMPath)
    {
    $driveObject = Get-PSDrive |
        ? {
    $_.Free
        } |
    Sort-Object -Descending Free |
    Select-Object -First 1
    if ($driveObject.Free -lt $minimumFreeSpace)
        {
    Write-Error "Drive with largest free space $($driveObject.Name): has only $([int]($driveObject.Free/1GB))GB free, which is less than the required minimum of $([int]($minimumFreeSpace/1GB))GB."
        }
    $now = Get-Date
    $todayString = $now.ToString('yyyy-MM-dd')
    $IFMPath = "E:\NTDS_$todayString"  ## This is where the IFM media set will be created
    }
    if ($noDefrag)
    {
    $NoDefragString = 'NoDefrag'
    }
    Write-Progress -Activity "Create IFM $NoDefragString" -Status $IFMPath
    ntdsutil.exe 'activate instance ntds' ifm "create sysvol $Mode $NoDefragString $IFMPath" q q q | 
    Tee-Object -Variable IFMResult
    $global:__IFMResult = $IFMResult
}

<#
.synopsis
Enable and disable ADFS (Active Directory Federation Services in Internet Explorer
.link
        https://support.software.dell.com/desktop-authority/kb/118560
        Logon setting (1A00) may have any one of the following values (hexadecimal): 
        Int Value      Setting
        --- -----      -------
        0 0x00000 Automatically logon with current username and password
        65536 0x10000 Prompt for user name and password
        131072 0x20000 Automatic logon only in the Intranet zone
        196608 0x30000 Anonymous logon
        ===
        Get-ItemProperty  'HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings\Zones\*' | 
        Select-Object -Property PSchildName, DisplayName, 1A00 | 
        Format-Table -AutoSize
        PSChildName DisplayName        1A00
        ----------- -----------        ----
        0           Computer              0
        1           Local intranet   131072
        2           Trusted sites    131072
        3           Internet         131072
        4           Restricted sites  65536
        ===
        Get-ItemProperty  'HKCU:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings\Zones\*' | 
        Select-Object -Property PSchildName, DisplayName, 1A00 | 
        Format-Table -AutoSize
        PSChildName DisplayName      1A00  
        ----------- -----------      ----  
        0           Computer               
        1           Local intranet   65536 
        2           Trusted sites    131072
        3           Internet         131072
        4           Restricted sites 65536 
    
#>
#region functions
<#
.synopsis
Disable ADFS (Active Directory Federation Services in Internet Explorer
.link
https://support.software.dell.com/desktop-authority/kb/118560
#>
function Get-InternetExplorerLogonSettings
{
                param (
        [ValidateSet(
                'HKCU',
                'HKLM'
        )]
        [string[]]$Scope = @(
                'HKCU',
                'HKLM'
        ),
        [ValidateSet(
                'Computer',
                'Local_intranet',
                'Trusted_sites', 
                'Internet', 
                'Restricted_sites'
        )]
        [string[]]$Zone = @(
                'Computer',
                'Local_intranet',
                'Trusted_sites', 
                'Internet', 
                'Restricted_sites'
        ),
        [switch]$ShowPSPath
    )
    $myZone = $Zone -replace '_', ' '
                foreach ($regKeyScope in $Scope)
    {
        Get-ItemProperty "${regKeyScope}:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings\Zones\*" | 
                ForEach-Object {
            $outputObject = New-Object -TypeName psobject |
            Select-Object -Property Scope, Zone, Setting
            $outputObject.Scope   = $regKeyScope.ToUpper()
            $outputObject.Zone    = $_.DisplayName
            $outputObject.Setting = $Global:__IeLogonSettingsMap.([int]($_.'1A00'))
                if ($ShowPSPath)
            {
                Add-Member -InputObject $outputObject -MemberType NoteProperty -Name PSPath -Value $_.PSPath
            }
            $outputObject
        
        } | 
        Where-Object { 
            $myZone -contains $_.Zone 
        }
    }
}
<#
.synopsis
Set 
#>
function Set-InternetExplorerLogonSettings
{
                param (
        [ValidateSet(
                'HKCU',
                'HKLM'
        )]
        [string]$Scope = 'HKCU',
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]
        [ValidateSet(
                'Computer',
                'Local_intranet',
                'Trusted_sites', 
                'Internet', 
                'Restricted_sites'
        )]
        [string]$Zone,
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]
        [ValidateSet(
                'Anonymous_logon',                                      # 196608
                'Automatic_logon_only_in_Intranet_zone',                # 131072
                'Automatic_logon_with_current_user_name_and_password',  # 0
                'Prompt_for_user_name_and_password'                     # 65536
        )]
        [string]$Setting
    )
    $mySetting = $Setting -replace '_', ' '
    $currentData = Get-InternetExplorerLogonSettings -Scope $Scope -Zone $Zone -ShowPSPath
                if ($currentData.Setting -eq $mySetting)
    {
                return (
            $currentData | 
            Select-Object -Property Scope, Zone, Setting
        )
    }
    $mySettingAsInt = $__IeLogonSettingsMap.$mySetting
    Set-ItemProperty -Path $currentData.PSPath -Name '1A00' -Value $mySettingAsInt
    ($currentData = Get-InternetExplorerLogonSettings -Scope $Scope -Zone $Zone)
                if ($currentData.Setting -ne $mySetting)
    {
        Write-Warning "Unable to set ADFS setting in '$zone' zone for $scope scope to '$mySetting'.  It remains at '$($currentData.Setting)'."
    }
} #>
<#
.synopsis
Enable ADFS (Active Directory Federation Services in Internet Explorer
#>
function Enable-InternetExplorerAdfs
{
    Set-InternetExplorerLogonSettings -Scope HKCU -Zone Local_intranet -Setting Automatic_logon_only_in_Intranet_zone
} #>
<#
.synopsis
Disable ADFS (Active Directory Federation Services in Internet Explorer
#>
function Disable-InternetExplorerAdfs
{
    Set-InternetExplorerAdfsSetting -Scope HKCU -Zone Local_intranet -Setting Prompt_for_user_name_and_password
} #>
#endregion
#region initialization
# create mapping hashtable
if (!(Test-Path -Path Variable:__IeLogonSettingsMap))
{
    Set-Variable -Scope Global -Option ReadOnly -Name __IeLogonSettingsMap -Value @{
                'Anonymous logon'                                      = 196608
                'Automatic logon only in Intranet zone'                = 131072
                'Automatic logon with current user name and password'  = 0
                'Prompt for user name and password'                    = 65536
        196608 = 'Anonymous logon'
        131072 = 'Automatic logon only in Intranet zone'
        0 = 'Automatic logon with current user name and password'
        65536 = 'Prompt for user name and password'
    }
}
# warn if user and computer settings are different
$currentSetting = Get-InternetExplorerLogonSettings
$hkcuData = $currentSetting |
Where-Object {
    $_.Scope -eq 'HKCU'
} 
$hkcuData | 
ForEach-Object {
    $zone    = $_.Zone
    $hklmData = $currentSetting |
    Where-Object {
        $_.Scope -eq 'HKLM' -and
        $_.Zone  -eq $zone
    }
                if ( $hklmData.Setting -ne $_.Setting )
    {
        Write-Warning -Message "ADFS setting in '$zone' zone for HKCU scope is '$($_.Setting)', but for HKLM scope is '$($hklmData.Setting)'."
    }
}
Export-ModuleMember -Function * -Variable __IeLogonSettingsMap
#endregion

#$PSModuleAutoLoadingPreference = 'None';

@(

    "C:\Users\timdunn\Config\PSHModules\ISESteroidsV1\ISESteroids.psd1",

    "C:\Users\timdunn\Config\PSHModules\PSReadLine\PSReadline.psd1"

) |

%{

    if (Test-Path -Path $_) { Import-Module $_; }

}

if (Test-Path -Path "C:\Users\timdunn\Config\PSHModules\Windows PowerShell ISE V3 Copy As HTML Add-On\Falchion.PowerShell.CopyAsHtmlAddOn.dll")

{

    Add-Type -Path "C:\Users\timdunn\Config\PSHModules\Windows PowerShell ISE V3 Copy As HTML Add-On\Falchion.PowerShell.CopyAsHtmlAddOn.dll";

    $copyAsHtmlAddOn = New-Object Falchion.PowerShell.CopyAsHtmlAddOn.CopyAsHtml

    $copyAsHtmlAddOn.HostObject = $psISE

    try

    {

        $psISE.CurrentPowerShellTab.AddOnsMenu.Submenus.Add("Copy as HTML", { $copyAsHtmlAddOn.Copy() }, "CTRL+SHIFT+C") | Out-Null

    }

    catch

    {

    }

}

function prompt

{

    "`n# $($env:USERDNSDOMAIN.ToLower())\$env:UserName@$env:computerName.$((Get-WmiObject Win32_ComputerSystem).Domain) ".ToLower() + $(

        if ($history = Get-History | Select-Object -last 1)

        {

            ($history.EndExecutionTime - $history.StartExecutionTime).ToString() -replace "\..*";

        }

        else

        {

            "00:00:00";

        }

    ) + " ($([int]((Get-History | Select-Object -Last 1).ID) + 1))`n# $(Get-Location) $(Get-Date -Format 'yyyy-MM-dd_HH.mm.ss') $('>' * $nestedpromptlevel)> `n";

}

cd $home;

$Error.Clear();

As you can see, I use ISESteroids, PSReadline, and Copy As HTML. The first one is payware, but I find it useful. PSReadline is actually more intended for console use; the command console under ISE is pretty good, but it lacks the concept of a $Host.Ui.RawUI.WindowSize, so stuff like pagination doesn’t work. Finally, Cop yAs HTML is the reason I’m writing this post. I’ve used probably three syntax formatters for PSH-to-HTML in the past, but seem to los them each time. Bing searches return ways to output HTML from PowerShell, or to use PSH to drive some other product to pretty-print HTML.

The past few articles saw me using hilite.me. It’s good, but insists on putting a red rectangle around my trailing semicolons, so I wanted to move off it and onto something better.

$bits += (("0" * 7) + [convert]::ToString($_,2)) -replace '.*(.{8})$', "`$1"; 

<#
.synopsis
Convert an IPv4 address to a UInt64.

.description
Once an IPv4 Address is converted to a UInt64, an IP range can be added to it to determine the upper address of the range.

.parameter IpV4Address
Ipv$ address to convert to UIint 64.

.example
(Convert-IpV4AddressToUInt64 '10.8.152.0') + (Get-IpV4AddressRangeFromCidrPrefix 24) | Convert-UInt64ToIpV4Address
#>
function Convert-IpV4AddressToUInt64
{
    param (
        [parameter(mandatory=$true,valuefrompipeline=$true,helpmessage='Example: 10.8.152.0')]
        [ipAddress]$IpV4Address 
    );
    
    $bits = '';
    $IpV4Address.ToString() -split '\.' |
    % { $bits += (("0" * 8) + [convert]::ToString($_,2)) -replace '.*(.{8})$', "`$1"; }

    [convert]::ToUInt64($bits, 2)
} #>


<#
.synopsis
Convert a UInt64 back to an IPv4 address.

.description
Reverses Convert-IpV4AddresstoUInt64, after an IP range has been added.

.parameter UInt64
UInt64 to convert to IPv4 address.

.example
(Convert-IpV4AddressToUInt64 '10.8.152.0') + (Get-IpV4AddressRangeFromCidrPrefix 24) | Convert-UInt64ToIpV4Address
#>
function Convert-UInt64ToIpV4Address
{
    param (
        [parameter(mandatory=$true,valuefrompipeline=$true,helpmessage='Example: 168335360')]
        [uint64]$UInt64
    )

    if (((("0" * 31) + [convert]::ToString($UInt64, 2)) -replace '.*(.{32})$', "`$1") -match ("(.{8})" * 4))
    {
        $ipV4Addr = '';
        1 .. 4 | % { $ipV4Addr += [string]([convert]::ToInt16($matches[$_], 2)) + '.'; }
        $ipV4Addr -replace '\.$';
    }
} #>


<#
.synopsis
For given CIDR prefix, return number of IP addresses in that range.

.description
For given CIDR prefix n (such as 24), number of addresses in the range is:

(2 ^ (32 - n)) - 1

.parameter CidrPrefix
CIDR prefix. The 'n' in the notation "192.168.1.0/24".

.example
(Convert-IpV4AddressToUInt64 '10.8.152.0') + (Get-IpV4AddressRangeFromCidrPrefix 24) | Convert-UInt64ToIpV4Address
#>
function Get-IpV4AddressRangeFromCidrPrefix
{
    param (
        [validateRange(0,32)]
        [parameter(mandatory=$true,valuefrompipeline=$true,helpmessage='Example: 10.8.152.0')]
        [int]$CidrPrefix
    );

    [math]::Pow(2, (32 -$CidrPrefix)) - 1;
} #>