1.1 Glossary

This document uses the following terms:

Active Directory Service Interfaces (ADSI): A directory service model and a set of Component Object Model (COM) interfaces. ADSI enables Windows applications and Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS) clients to gain access to several network directory services, including AD DS.

ActiveX control: A reusable software control, such as a check box or button, that uses ActiveX technology and provides options to users or runs macros or scripts that automate a task. See also ActiveX object.

alert: An Internet message that is sent to subscribers automatically to notify them when user-defined criteria are met. Alerts are generated automatically when items such as documents, webpages, list items, sites, or other resources on a server are changed.

authentication: The act of proving an identity to a server while providing key material that binds the identity to subsequent communications.

blog: A website that contains a series of posts about a subject and is arranged in reverse chronological order. Also referred to as web log.

broadcast: A style of resource location or data transmission in which a client makes a request to all parties on a network simultaneously (a one-to-many communication). Also, a mode of resource location that does not use a name service.

broadcast session: A sharing session initiated by a presenter that is used for sharing the presenter's view of a document with one or more attendees.

browser-enable: The process of converting an InfoPath form template into a format that can be rendered in a web browser, and publishing it to and activating it on a protocol server that is running InfoPath Forms Services.

cabinet (.cab) file: A single file that stores multiple compressed files to facilitate storage or transmission.

check in: The process of placing a file or project into a source repository. This releases the lock for editing and enables other users to view the updated file or check out the file. See also check out.

check out: The process of retrieving a writable copy of a file or project from a source repository. This locks the file for editing to prevent other users from overwriting or editing it inadvertently.

Component Object Model (COM): An object-oriented programming model that defines how objects interact within a single process or between processes. In COM, clients have access to an object through interfaces implemented on the object. For more information, see [MS-DCOM].

cookie: A small data file that is stored on a user's computer and carries state information between participating protocol servers and protocol clients.

data connection: A connection between an InfoPath form template and an external data source, as specified by settings in an InfoPath form template (.xsn) file or a Universal Data Connection (.udc, .udcx) file.

data source: A database, web service, disk, file, or other collection of information from which data is queried or submitted. Supported data sources vary based on application and data provider.

digital certificate: See the "digital certificate definition standard," as described in [X509].

document library: A type of list that is a container for documents and folders.

document property: A name/value pair that serves as metadata for a document.

Document Workspace site: A SharePoint site that is based on a Document Workspace site template and has a template identifier value of "1". A Document Workspace site is used for planning, posting, and working together on a document or a set of related documents.

endpoint: A network-specific address of a remote procedure call (RPC) server process for remote procedure calls. The actual name and type of the endpoint depends on the RPC protocol sequence that is being used. For example, for RPC over TCP (RPC Protocol Sequence ncacn_ip_tcp), an endpoint might be TCP port 1025. For RPC over Server Message Block (RPC Protocol Sequence ncacn_np), an endpoint might be the name of a named pipe. For more information, see [C706].

form: A document with a set of controls into which users can enter information. Controls on a form can be bound to elements in the data source of the form, such as fields and groups. See also bind.

form file: An XML file that contains data that is entered into an InfoPath form by using a web browser or Microsoft InfoPath.

form server: A server that can host XML-based electronic forms and that supports rendering those forms in a web browser.

form template: A file or set of files that defines the data structure, appearance, and behavior of a form.

form template (.xsn) file: A cabinet (.cab) file with an .xsn file name extension that contains the files that comprise a form template.

forms authentication: An authentication method in which protocol clients redirect unauthenticated requests to an HTML form by using HTTP. If the protocol client authenticates the request, the system issues a cookie that stores the credentials or a key for reacquiring the identity. In subsequent requests, the cookie is submitted in request headers and the requests are authenticated and authorized by an ASP.NET event handler that uses the validation method that is specified by the protocol client.

front-end web server: A server that hosts webpages, performs processing tasks, and accepts requests from protocol clients and sends them to the appropriate back-end server for further processing.

HTTP GET: An HTTP method for retrieving a resource, as described in [RFC2616].

HTTP HEAD: An HTTP method for retrieving header information for a resource, as described in [RFC2616].

HTTP OPTIONS: An HTTP method for determining the options and requirements that are associated with a resource, or the capabilities of a protocol server, as described in [RFC2616].

HTTP POST: An HTTP method, as described in [RFC2616].

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP): An application-level protocol for distributed, collaborative, hypermedia information systems (text, graphic images, sound, video, and other multimedia files) on the World Wide Web.

Hypertext Transfer Protocol 1.1 (HTTP/1.1): Version 1.1 of the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), as described in [RFC2068].

Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS): An extension of HTTP that securely encrypts and decrypts web page requests. In some older protocols, "Hypertext Transfer Protocol over Secure Sockets Layer" is still used (Secure Sockets Layer has been deprecated). For more information, see [SSL3] and [RFC5246].

Input Method Editor (IME): An application that is used to enter characters in written Asian languages by using a standard 101-key keyboard. An IME consists of both an engine that converts keystrokes into phonetic and ideographic characters and a dictionary of commonly used ideographic words.

Internet message: A message, such as an email message, that conforms to the syntax that is described in [RFC2822].

Kerberos principal: A unique individual account known to the Key Distribution Center (KDC). Often a user, but it can be a service offering a resource on the network.

Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP): The primary access protocol for Active Directory. Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) is an industry-standard protocol, established by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), which allows users to query and update information in a directory service (DS), as described in [MS-ADTS]. The Lightweight Directory Access Protocol can be either version 2 [RFC1777] or version 3 [RFC3377].

list: (1) A container within a SharePoint site that stores list items. A list has a customizable schema that is composed of one or more fields.

(2) An organization of a region of cells into a tabular structure in a workbook.

list view: A named collection of settings for querying and displaying items in a SharePoint list. There are two types of views: Personal, which can be used only by the user who created the view; and Public, which can be used by all users who have permission to access to the site.

mail merge: The process of merging information into a document from a data source, such as an address book or database, to create customized documents, such as form letters or mailing labels.

minor version: An iteration of a software component, document, or list item that is in progress or has changed only slightly from the previous version. For an item on a SharePoint site, the minor version number is never "0" (zero) and is incremented for each new version of an item, unless a major version is explicitly published. When minor versioning is disabled on a SharePoint site, only major version numbers are incremented, and the minor version is always "0" (zero).

NT LAN Manager (NTLM) Authentication Protocol: A protocol using a challenge-response mechanism for authentication in which clients are able to verify their identities without sending a password to the server. It consists of three messages, commonly referred to as Type 1 (negotiation), Type 2 (challenge) and Type 3 (authentication).

Office Add-in: A cloud-enabled app that integrates rich, scenario-focused content and services into an Office application or equivalent protocol client.

OLE DB: A set of interfaces that are based on the Component Object Model (COM) programming model and expose data from a variety of sources. These interfaces support the amount of Database Management System (DBMS) functionality that is appropriate for a data store and they enable a data store to share data.

Online Analytical Processing (OLAP): A technology that uses multidimensional structures to provide access to data for analysis. The source data for OLAP is stored in data warehouses in a relational database. See also cube.

Open Database Connectivity (ODBC): A standard software API method for accessing data that is stored in a variety of proprietary personal computer, minicomputer, and mainframe databases. It is an implementation of [ISO/IEC9075-3:2008] and provides extensions to that standard.

picture library: A type of document library that is optimized for storing digital pictures or graphics.

PivotTable: An interactive table that summarizes large amounts of data from various sources by using format and calculation methods. Row and column headings can be rotated to view different summaries of the source data, filter the data, or display detail data for specific areas.

presence: A status indicator on a client device that is transmitted by using the Wide Area Network Device Presence Protocol (WAN DPP).

presentation: A collection of slides that are intended to be viewed by an audience.

presentation slide: A slide that contains the content that can be displayed during a slide show. A presentation slide can derive formatting and content from a main master slide or a title master slide.

Reading Layout view: A document view that displays a document as it will appear on a printed page and is optimized for reading a document on a computer screen. Two pages are displayed simultaneously, side-by-side.

rights: Tasks that a user is permitted to perform on a computer, site, domain, or other system resource. See also permission.

Server Message Block (SMB): A protocol that is used to request file and print services from server systems over a network. The SMB protocol extends the CIFS protocol with additional security, file, and disk management support. For more information, see [CIFS] and [MS-SMB].

shared space: A set of tools that is synchronized between different endpoints, as described in [MS-GRVDYNM].

site: A group of related pages and data within a SharePoint site collection. The structure and content of a site is based on a site definition. Also referred to as SharePoint site and web site.

site collection: A set of websites that are in the same content database, have the same owner, and share administration settings. A site collection can be identified by a GUID or the URL of the top-level site for the site collection. Each site collection contains a top-level site, can contain one or more subsites, and can have a shared navigational structure.

slide: A frame that contains text, shapes, pictures, or other content. A slide is a digital equivalent to a traditional film slide.

Slide Library: A type of a document library that is optimized for storing and reusing presentation slides that conform to the format described in [ISO/IEC-29500:2008].

slide show: A delivery of a sequence of presentation slides, typically to an audience.

SOAP: A lightweight protocol for exchanging structured information in a decentralized, distributed environment. SOAP uses XML technologies to define an extensible messaging framework, which provides a message construct that can be exchanged over a variety of underlying protocols. The framework has been designed to be independent of any particular programming model and other implementation-specific semantics. SOAP 1.2 supersedes SOAP 1.1. See [SOAP1.2-1/2003].

social rating: A user-defined value that indicates the perceived quality of a webpage or item on a SharePoint site or the Internet. Individual users create these ratings and, by default, share them with other users.

social tag: A user-defined keyword and hyperlink to a webpage or item on a SharePoint site or the Internet. Individual users create these tags and, by default, share them with other users.

subsite: A complete website that is stored in a named subdirectory of another website. The parent website can be the top-level site of a site collection or another subsite. Also referred to as subweb.

Uniform Resource Identifier (URI): A string that identifies a resource. The URI is an addressing mechanism defined in Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) Uniform Resource Identifier (URI): Generic Syntax [RFC3986].

Uniform Resource Locator (URL): A string of characters in a standardized format that identifies a document or resource on the World Wide Web. The format is as specified in [RFC1738].

Universal Data Connection (.udc, .udcx) file: An XML file that has a .udc or .udcx file name extension that contains user credentials and other authentication information that is used to connect to a data source.

Universal Naming Convention (UNC): A string format that specifies the location of a resource. For more information, see [MS-DTYP] section 2.2.57.

Web Distributed Authoring and Versioning Protocol (WebDAV): The Web Distributed Authoring and Versioning Protocol, as described in [RFC2518] or [RFC4918].

website: A group of related pages and data within a SharePoint site collection. The structure and content of a site is based on a site definition. Also referred to as SharePoint site and site.