Microsoft Security Bulletin MS16-047 - Important

Security Update for SAM and LSAD Remote Protocols (3148527)

Published: April 12, 2016

Version: 1.0

Executive Summary

This security update resolves a vulnerability in Microsoft Windows. The vulnerability could allow elevation of privilege if an attacker launches a man-in-the-middle (MiTM) attack. An attacker could then force a downgrade of the authentication level of the SAM and LSAD channels and impersonate an authenticated user.

This security update is rated Important for all supported editions of Windows Vista, Windows Server 2008, Windows 7, Windows Server 2008 R2, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012, Windows Server 2012 R2, Windows RT 8.1, and Windows 10. For more information, see the Affected Software section.

The security update addresses the vulnerability by modifying how the SAM and LSAD remote protocols handle authentication levels. For more information about the vulnerability, see the Vulnerability Information section.

For more information about this update, see Microsoft Knowledge Base Article 3148527.

Affected Software and Vulnerability Severity Ratings

The following software versions or editions are affected. Versions or editions that are not listed are either past their support life cycle or are not affected. To determine the support life cycle for your software version or edition, see Microsoft Support Lifecycle.

The severity ratings indicated for each affected software assume the potential maximum impact of the vulnerability. For information regarding the likelihood, within 30 days of this security bulletin’s release, of the exploitability of the vulnerability in relation to its severity rating and security impact, please see the Exploitability Index in the April bulletin summary.

Operating System Windows SAM and LSAD Downgrade Vulnerability- CVE-2016-0128 Updates Replaced*
Windows Vista
Windows Vista Service Pack 2 (3149090) Important  Elevation of Privilege 3121918 in MS16-007
Windows Vista x64 Edition Service Pack 2 (3149090) Important  Elevation of Privilege 3121918 in MS16-007
Windows Server 2008
Windows Server 2008 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 2 (3149090) Important  Elevation of Privilege 3121918 in MS16-007
Windows Server 2008 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 2 (3149090) Important  Elevation of Privilege 3121918 in MS16-007
Windows Server 2008 for Itanium-based Systems Service Pack 2 (3149090) Important  Elevation of Privilege 3121918 in MS16-007
Windows 7
Windows 7 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 1 (3149090) Important  Elevation of Privilege 3101246 in MS15-122
Windows 7 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1 (3149090) Important  Elevation of Privilege 3101246 in MS15-122
Windows Server 2008 R2
Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1 (3149090) Important  Elevation of Privilege 3101246 in MS15-122
Windows Server 2008 R2 for Itanium-based Systems Service Pack 1 (3149090) Important  Elevation of Privilege 3101246 in MS15-122
Windows 8.1
Windows 8.1 for 32-bit Systems (3149090) Important  Elevation of Privilege 3050514 in MS15-052
Windows 8.1 for x64-based Systems (3149090) Important  Elevation of Privilege 3050514 in MS15-052
Windows Server 2012 and Windows Server 2012 R2
Windows Server 2012 (3149090) Important  Elevation of Privilege 3101246 in MS15-122
Windows Server 2012 R2 (3149090) Important  Elevation of Privilege 3072595 in MS15-096
Windows RT 8.1
Windows RT 8.1[1]\ (3149090) Important  Elevation of Privilege 3050514 in MS15-052
Windows 10
Windows 10 for 32-bit Systems[2]\ (3147461) Important  Elevation of Privilege 3140745
Windows 10 for x64-based Systems[2]\ (3147461) Important  Elevation of Privilege 3140745
Windows 10 Version 1511 for 32-bit Systems[2]\ (3147458) Important  Elevation of Privilege 3140768
Windows 10 Version 1511 for x64-based Systems[2]\ (3147458) Important  Elevation of Privilege 3140768
Server Core installation option
Windows Server 2008 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation) (3149090) Important  Elevation of Privilege 3121918 in MS16-007
Windows Server 2008 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation) (3149090) Important  Elevation of Privilege 3121918 in MS16-007
Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation) (3149090) Important  Elevation of Privilege 3101246 in MS15-122
Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) (3149090) Important  Elevation of Privilege 3101246 in MS15-122
Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) (3149090) Important  Elevation of Privilege 3072595 in MS15-096

[1]This update is available via Windows Update.

[2]Windows 10 updates are cumulative. The monthly security release includes all security fixes for vulnerabilities that affect Windows 10, in addition to non-security updates. The updates are available via the Microsoft Windows Update Catalog.

Note Windows Server 2016 Technical Preview 4 and Windows Server 2016 Technical Preview 5 are affected. Customers running these operating systems are encouraged to apply the update, which is available via Windows Update.

*The Updates Replaced column shows only the latest update in any chain of superseded updates. For a comprehensive list of updates replaced, go to the Microsoft Update Catalog, search for the update KB number, and then view update details (updates replaced information is provided on the Package Details tab).

Update FAQs

My application or product uses the SMB protocol, does this issue affect me?
No. Only applications and products that use the SAM or LSAD remote protocols are affected by this issue. The SMB protocol is not vulnerable.

Vulnerability Information

Windows SAM and LSAD Downgrade Vulnerability- CVE-2016-0128

An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists in the Security Account Manager (SAM) and Local Security Authority (Domain Policy) (LSAD) remote protocols when they accept authentication levels that do not protect them adequately. The vulnerability is caused by the way the SAM and LSAD remote protocols establish the Remote Procedure Call (RPC) channel. An attacker who successfully exploited this vulnerability could gain access to the SAM database.

To exploit the vulnerability, an attacker could launch a man-in-the-middle (MiTM) attack, force a downgrade of the authentication level of the SAM and LSAD channels, and then impersonate an authenticated user. The security update addresses the vulnerability by modifying how the SAM and LSAD remote protocols handle authentication levels.

The following table contains links to the standard entry for each vulnerability in the Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures list:

Vulnerability Title CVE number Publicly disclosed Exploited
Windows SAM and LSAD Downgrade Vulnerability CVE-2016-0128 No No

 

Mitigating Factors

Microsoft has not identified any mitigating factors for this vulnerability.

Workarounds

Microsoft has not identified any workarounds for this vulnerability.

Security Update Deployment

For Security Update Deployment information, see the Microsoft Knowledge Base article referenced in the Executive Summary.

Acknowledgments

Microsoft recognizes the efforts of those in the security community who help us protect customers through coordinated vulnerability disclosure. See Acknowledgments for more information.

Disclaimer

The information provided in the Microsoft Knowledge Base is provided "as is" without warranty of any kind. Microsoft disclaims all warranties, either express or implied, including the warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. In no event shall Microsoft Corporation or its suppliers be liable for any damages whatsoever including direct, indirect, incidental, consequential, loss of business profits or special damages, even if Microsoft Corporation or its suppliers have been advised of the possibility of such damages. Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of liability for consequential or incidental damages so the foregoing limitation may not apply.

Revisions

  • V1.0 (April 12, 2016): Bulletin published.

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