STUnion (geography Data Type)

Article
02/28/2023

Applies to: SQL Server Azure SQL Database Azure SQL Managed Instance

Returns an object that represents the union of a geography instance with another geography instance.

Syntax

  
.STUnion ( other_geography )

Note

To view Transact-SQL syntax for SQL Server 2014 (12.x) and earlier versions, see Previous versions documentation.

Arguments

other_geography
Is another geography instance to form a union with the instance on which STUnion() is being invoked.

Return Types

SQL Server return type: geography

CLR return type: SqlGeography

Exceptions

This method throws an ArgumentException if the instance contains an antipodal edge.

Remarks

This method always returns null if the spatial reference identifiers (SRIDs) of the geography instances do not match.

SQL Server supports spatial instances that are larger than a hemisphere. In SQL Server, the set of possible results returned on the server has been extended to FullGlobe instances.

The result may contain circular arc segments only if the input instances contain circular arc segments.

This method is not precise.

Examples

A. Computing the union of two polygons

The following example uses STUnion() to compute the union of two Polygon instances.

DECLARE @g geography;  
DECLARE @h geography;  
SET @g = geography::STGeomFromText('POLYGON((-122.358 47.653, -122.348 47.649, -122.348 47.658, -122.358 47.658, -122.358 47.653))', 4326);  
SET @h = geography::STGeomFromText('POLYGON((-122.351 47.656, -122.341 47.656, -122.341 47.661, -122.351 47.661, -122.351 47.656))', 4326);  
SELECT @g.STUnion(@h).ToString();

B. Producing a FullGlobe result

The following example produces a FullGlobe when STUnion() combines two Polygon instances.

 DECLARE @g geography = 'POLYGON ((-122.358 47.653, -122.358 47.658,-122.348 47.658, -122.348 47.649, -122.358 47.653))';  
 DECLARE @h geography = 'POLYGON ((-122.358 47.653, -122.348 47.649, -122.348 47.658, -122.358 47.658, -122.358 47.653))';  
 SELECT @g.STUnion(@h).ToString();

C. Producing a triagonal hole from a union of a CurvePolygon and a triagonal hole.

The following example produces a triagonal hole from the union of a CurvePolygon with a Polygon instance.

 DECLARE @g geography = 'POLYGON ((-0.5 0, 0 1, 0.5 0.5, -0.5 0))';  
 DECLARE @h geography = 'CURVEPOLYGON(COMPOUNDCURVE(CIRCULARSTRING(0 0, 0.7 0.7, 0 1), (0 1, 0 0)))';  
 SELECT @g.STUnion(@h).ToString();