ईवेंट्स
Power BI DataViz World Championship
14 फ़र॰, 4 pm - 31 मार्च, 4 pm
प्रवेश करने के 4 अवसरों के साथ, आप एक सम्मेलन पैकेज जीत सकते हैं और लास वेगास में लाइव ग्रैंड फिनाले में जगह बना सकते हैं
अधिक जानेंयह ब्राउज़र अब समर्थित नहीं है.
नवीनतम सुविधाओं, सुरक्षा अपडेट और तकनीकी सहायता का लाभ लेने के लिए Microsoft Edge में अपग्रेड करें.
This article explains how to update an existing ASP.NET Core 5.0 project to ASP.NET Core 6.0. For instructions on how to migrate from ASP.NET Core 3.1 to ASP.NET Core 6.0, see Migrate from ASP.NET Core 3.1 to 6.0.
If you rely upon a global.json
file to target a specific .NET SDK version, update the version
property to the .NET 6.0 SDK version that's installed. For example:
{
"sdk": {
- "version": "5.0.100"
+ "version": "6.0.100"
}
}
Update the project file's Target Framework Moniker (TFM) to net6.0
:
<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk.Web">
<PropertyGroup>
- <TargetFramework>net5.0</TargetFramework>
+ <TargetFramework>net6.0</TargetFramework>
</PropertyGroup>
</Project>
In the project file, update each Microsoft.AspNetCore.*
and Microsoft.Extensions.*
package reference's Version
attribute to 6.0.0 or later. For example:
<ItemGroup>
- <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.JsonPatch" Version="5.0.3" />
- <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Caching.Abstractions" Version="5.0.0" />
+ <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.JsonPatch" Version="6.0.0" />
+ <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Caching.Abstractions" Version="6.0.0" />
</ItemGroup>
The new .NET 6 minimal hosting model for ASP.NET Core apps requires only one file and a few lines of code. Apps migrating to 6.0 don't need to use the new minimal hosting model. For more information, see Apps migrating to 6.0 don't need to use the new minimal hosting model in the following section.
The following code from the ASP.NET Core empty template creates an app using the new minimal hosting model:
var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
var app = builder.Build();
app.MapGet("/", () => "Hello World!");
app.Run();
The minimal hosting model:
Startup.cs
and Program.cs
into a single Program.cs
file.using
directives to eliminate or minimize the number of using
statement lines required.The following code displays the Startup.cs
and Program.cs
files from an ASP.NET Core 5 Web App template (Razor Pages) with unused using
statements removed:
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
// Unused usings removed.
namespace WebAppRPv5
{
public class Startup
{
public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
{
Configuration = configuration;
}
public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }
// This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
services.AddRazorPages();
}
// This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
{
if (env.IsDevelopment())
{
app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
}
else
{
app.UseExceptionHandler("/Error");
// The default HSTS value is 30 days. You may want to change this for production scenarios, see https://aka.ms/aspnetcore-hsts.
app.UseHsts();
}
app.UseHttpsRedirection();
app.UseStaticFiles();
app.UseRouting();
app.UseAuthorization();
app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
{
endpoints.MapRazorPages();
});
}
}
}
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
// Unused usings removed.
namespace WebAppRPv5
{
public class Program
{
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
CreateHostBuilder(args).Build().Run();
}
public static IHostBuilder CreateHostBuilder(string[] args) =>
Host.CreateDefaultBuilder(args)
.ConfigureWebHostDefaults(webBuilder =>
{
webBuilder.UseStartup<Startup>();
});
}
}
In ASP.NET Core 6, the preceding code is replaced by the following:
var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
// Add services to the container.
builder.Services.AddRazorPages();
var app = builder.Build();
// Configure the HTTP request pipeline.
if (!app.Environment.IsDevelopment())
{
app.UseExceptionHandler("/Error");
// The default HSTS value is 30 days. You may want to change this for production scenarios, see https://aka.ms/aspnetcore-hsts.
app.UseHsts();
}
app.UseHttpsRedirection();
app.UseStaticFiles();
app.UseRouting();
app.UseAuthorization();
app.MapRazorPages();
app.Run();
The preceding ASP.NET Core 6 sample shows how:
WebApplication.Services
.builder.Build()
returns a configured WebApplication to the variable app
. Configure is replaced with configuration calls to same services using app
.Detailed examples of migrating ASP.NET Core 5 Startup
code to ASP.NET Core 6 using the minimal hosting model are provided later in this document.
There are a few changes to the other files generated for the Web App template:
Index.cshtml
and Privacy.cshtml
have the unused using
statements removed.RequestId
in Error.cshtml
is declared as a nullable reference type (NRT):- public string RequestId { get; set; }
+ public string? RequestId { get; set; }
appsettings.json
and appsettings.Development.json
:- "Microsoft": "Warning",
- "Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime": "Information"
+ "Microsoft.AspNetCore": "Warning"
In the preceding ASP.NET Core template code, "Microsoft": "Warning"
has been changed to "Microsoft.AspNetCore": "Warning"
. This change results in logging all informational messages from the Microsoft
namespace except Microsoft.AspNetCore
. For example, Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore
is now logged at the informational level.
For more details on the new hosting model, see the Frequently asked questions section. For more information on the adoption of NRTs and .NET compiler null-state analysis, see the Nullable reference types (NRTs) and .NET compiler null-state static analysis section.
Using Startup
and the Generic Host used by the ASP.NET Core 3.1 and 5.0 templates is fully supported.
ASP.NET Core 3.1 and 5.0 apps can use their Startup
code with the new minimal hosting model. Using Startup
with the minimal hosting model has the following advantages:
Startup
class.Startup
.ConfigureServices
and Configure
.One minor limitation in using Startup
code with the new minimal hosting model is that to inject a dependency into Configure
, the service in Program.cs
must be manually resolved.
Consider the following code generated by the ASP.NET Core 3.1 or 5.0 Razor Pages template:
public class Program
{
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
CreateHostBuilder(args).Build().Run();
}
public static IHostBuilder CreateHostBuilder(string[] args) =>
Host.CreateDefaultBuilder(args)
.ConfigureWebHostDefaults(webBuilder =>
{
webBuilder.UseStartup<Startup>();
});
}
public class Startup
{
public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
{
Configuration = configuration;
}
public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
services.AddRazorPages();
}
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
{
if (env.IsDevelopment())
{
app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
}
else
{
app.UseExceptionHandler("/Error");
app.UseHsts();
}
app.UseHttpsRedirection();
app.UseStaticFiles();
app.UseRouting();
app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
{
endpoints.MapRazorPages();
});
}
}
The preceding code migrated to the new minimal hosting model:
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
var startup = new Startup(builder.Configuration);
startup.ConfigureServices(builder.Services);
var app = builder.Build();
startup.Configure(app, app.Environment);
app.Run();
public class Startup
{
public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
{
Configuration = configuration;
}
public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
services.AddRazorPages();
}
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
{
if (!env.IsDevelopment())
{
app.UseExceptionHandler("/Error");
app.UseHsts();
}
app.UseHttpsRedirection();
app.UseStaticFiles();
app.UseRouting();
app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
{
endpoints.MapRazorPages();
});
}
}
In the preceding code, the if (env.IsDevelopment())
block is removed because in development mode, the developer exception page middleware is enabled by default. For more information, see Differences between the ASP.NET Core 5 and 6 hosting models in the next section.
When using a custom dependency injection (DI) container, add the following highlighted code:
using Autofac;
using Autofac.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
var startup = new Startup(builder.Configuration);
startup.ConfigureServices(builder.Services);
// Using a custom DI container.
builder.Host.UseServiceProviderFactory(new AutofacServiceProviderFactory());
builder.Host.ConfigureContainer<ContainerBuilder>(startup.ConfigureContainer);
var app = builder.Build();
startup.Configure(app, app.Environment);
app.Run();
using Autofac;
public class Startup
{
public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
{
Configuration = configuration;
}
public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
services.AddRazorPages();
}
// Using a custom DI container
public void ConfigureContainer(ContainerBuilder builder)
{
// Configure custom container.
}
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
{
if (!env.IsDevelopment())
{
app.UseExceptionHandler("/Error");
app.UseHsts();
}
app.UseHttpsRedirection();
app.UseStaticFiles();
app.UseRouting();
app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
{
endpoints.MapRazorPages();
});
}
}
When using the minimal hosting model, the endpoint routing middleware wraps the entire middleware pipeline, therefore there's no need to have explicit calls to UseRouting
or UseEndpoints
to register routes. UseRouting
can still be used to specify where route matching happens, but UseRouting
doesn't need to be explicitly called if routes should be matched at the beginning of the middleware pipeline.
In the following code, the calls to UseRouting
and UseEndpoints
are removed from Startup
. MapRazorPages
is called in Program.cs
:
public class Startup
{
public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
{
Configuration = configuration;
}
public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
services.AddRazorPages();
}
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
{
if (!env.IsDevelopment())
{
app.UseExceptionHandler("/Error");
app.UseHsts();
}
app.UseHttpsRedirection();
app.UseStaticFiles();
//app.UseRouting();
//app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
//{
// endpoints.MapRazorPages();
//});
}
}
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
var startup = new Startup(builder.Configuration);
startup.ConfigureServices(builder.Services);
var app = builder.Build();
startup.Configure(app, app.Environment);
app.MapRazorPages();
app.Run();
When using Startup
with the new minimal hosting model, keep in mind the following difference:
Program.cs
controls the instantiation and lifetime of the Startup
class.Configure
method need to be manually resolved by the Program
class.Assembly.GetEntryAssembly().GetName().FullName
. When using the WebApplicationBuilder in a library, explicitly change the app name to the library's assembly to allow MVC's application part discovery to work. See Change the content root, app name, and environment in this document for detailed instructions.UseRouting
or UseEndpoints
to register routes. UseRouting
can still be used to specify where route matching happens, but UseRouting
doesn't need to be explicitly called if routes should be matched at the beginning of the middleware pipeline.IStartupFilter
call chain.Program.CreateHostBuilder
to access the app's IServiceProvider
to execute custom logic in the context of the app. These tools have been updated to use a new technique to execute custom logic in the context of the app. Entity Framework Migrations is an example of a tool that uses Program.CreateHostBuilder
in this way. We're working to make sure tools are updated to use the new model.Startup
class, the minimal host doesn't automatically configure a DI scope when instantiating the service provider. For contexts where a scope is required, it is necessary to invoke IServiceScope with IServiceScopeFactory.CreateScope to instantiate a new scope. For more information, see how to resolve a service at app startup.IHostBuilder
or IWebHostBuilder
. The following highlighted APIs throw an exception:var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
builder.Services.AddRazorPages();
// WebHost
try
{
builder.WebHost.UseContentRoot(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory());
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
try
{
builder.WebHost.UseEnvironment(Environments.Staging);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
try
{
builder.WebHost.UseSetting(WebHostDefaults.ApplicationKey, "ApplicationName2");
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
try
{
builder.WebHost.UseSetting(WebHostDefaults.ContentRootKey, Directory.GetCurrentDirectory());
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
try
{
builder.WebHost.UseSetting(WebHostDefaults.EnvironmentKey, Environments.Staging);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
// Host
try
{
builder.Host.UseEnvironment(Environments.Staging);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
try
{
// TODO: This does not throw
builder.Host.UseContentRoot(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory());
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
var app = builder.Build();
if (!app.Environment.IsDevelopment())
{
app.UseExceptionHandler("/Error");
app.UseHsts();
}
app.UseHttpsRedirection();
app.UseStaticFiles();
app.UseRouting();
app.UseAuthorization();
app.MapRazorPages();
app.Run();
The Startup
class can't be used from WebApplicationBuilder.Host
or WebApplicationBuilder.WebHost
. The following highlighted code throws an exception:
var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
try
{
builder.Host.ConfigureWebHostDefaults(webHostBuilder =>
{
webHostBuilder.UseStartup<Startup>();
});
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
throw;
}
builder.Services.AddRazorPages();
var app = builder.Build();
var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
try
{
builder.WebHost.UseStartup<Startup>();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
throw;
}
builder.Services.AddRazorPages();
var app = builder.Build();
The IHostBuilder implementation on WebApplicationBuilder (WebApplicationBuilder.Host
), doesn't defer execution of the ConfigureServices, ConfigureAppConfiguration, or ConfigureHostConfiguration methods. Not deferring execution allows code using WebApplicationBuilder to observe changes made to the IServiceCollection
and IConfiguration
. The following example only adds Service1
as an IService
:
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.Extensions;
var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
builder.Host.ConfigureServices(services =>
{
services.TryAddSingleton<IService, Service1>();
});
builder.Services.TryAddSingleton<IService, Service2>();
var app = builder.Build();
// Displays Service1 only.
Console.WriteLine(app.Services.GetRequiredService<IService>());
app.Run();
class Service1 : IService
{
}
class Service2 : IService
{
}
interface IService
{
}
In the preceding code, the builder.Host.ConfigureServices
callback gets called inline rather than being deferred until builder.Build
is called. This means that Service1
gets added to the IServiceCollection
before Service2
and results in Service1
being resolved for IService
.
The existing .NET ecosystem built extensibility around IServiceCollection, IHostBuilder, and IWebHostBuilder. These properties are available on WebApplicationBuilder as Services
, Host
, and WebHost
.
WebApplication
implements both Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder.IApplicationBuilder and Microsoft.AspNetCore.Routing.IEndpointRouteBuilder.
We expect library authors to continue targeting IHostBuilder
, IWebHostBuilder
, IApplicationBuilder
, and IEndpointRouteBuilder
when building ASP.NET Core specific components. This ensures that your middleware, route handler, or other extensibility points continue to work across different hosting models.
Is the new minimal hosting model less capable?
No. The new hosting model is functionally equivalent for 98% of scenarios supported by IHostBuilder
and the IWebHostBuilder
. There are some advanced scenarios that require specific workarounds on IHostBuilder
, but we expect those to be extremely rare.
Is the generic hosting model deprecated?
No. The generic hosting model is an alternative model that is supported indefinitely. The generic host underpins the new hosting model and is still the primary way to host worker-based applications.
Do I have to migrate to the new hosting model?
No. The new hosting model is the preferred way to host new apps using .NET 6 and later, but you aren't forced to change the project layout in existing apps. This means apps can upgrade from .NET 5 to .NET 6 by changing the target framework in the project file from net5.0
to net6.0
. For more information, see the Update the target framework section in this article. However, we recommend apps migrate to the new hosting model to take advantage of new features only available to the new hosting model.
Do I have to use top-level statements?
No. The new project templates all use top-level statements, but the new hosting APIs can be used in any .NET 6 app to host a webserver or web app.
Where do I put state that was stored as fields in my Program
or Startup
class?
We strongly recommend using dependency injection (DI) to flow state in ASP.NET Core apps.
There are two approaches to storing state outside of DI:
Store the state in another class. Storing in a class assumes a static state that can be accessed from anywhere in the app.
Use the Program
class generated by top level statements to store state. Using Program
to store state is the semantic approach:
var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
ConfigurationValue = builder.Configuration["SomeKey"] ?? "Hello";
var app = builder.Build();
app.MapGet("/", () => ConfigurationValue);
app.Run();
partial class Program
{
public static string? ConfigurationValue { get; private set; }
}
What if I was using a custom dependency injection container?
Custom DI containers are supported. For an example, see Custom dependency injection (DI) container.
Do WebApplicationFactory
and TestServer
still work?
Yes. WebApplicationFactory<TEntryPoint>
is the way to test the new hosting model. For an example, see Test with WebApplicationFactory
or TestServer
.
After following the guidance earlier in this article to update an app to 6.0, adopt specific features by following the links in What's new in ASP.NET Core 6.0.
To adopt all of the new 6.0 features for Blazor apps, we recommend the following process:
See Migrating React applications from Spa Extensions in this GitHub issue
For apps using Docker, update your Dockerfile FROM
statements and scripts. Use a base image that includes the ASP.NET Core 6.0 runtime. Consider the following docker pull
command difference between ASP.NET Core 5.0 and 6.0:
- docker pull mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/aspnet:5.0
+ docker pull mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/aspnet:6.0
See GitHub issue Breaking Change: Default console logger format set to JSON.
The Razor compiler now leverages the new source generators feature to generate compiled C# files from the Razor views and pages in a project. In previous versions:
RazorGenerate
and RazorCompile
targets to produce the generated code. These targets are no longer valid. In .NET 6, both code generation and compilation are supported by a single call to the compiler. RazorComponentGenerateDependsOn
is still supported to specify dependencies that are required before the build runs.AppName.Views.dll
, was generated that contained the compiled view types in an application. This behavior has been deprecated and a single assembly AppName.dll
is produced that contains both the app types and the generated views.AppName.Views.dll
were public. In .NET 6, the app types are in AppName.dll
but are internal sealed
. Apps doing type discover on AppName.Views.dll
won't be able to do type discover on AppName.dll
. The following shows the API change:- public class Views_Home_Index : global::Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Razor.RazorPage<dynamic>
+ internal sealed class Views_Home_Index : global::Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Razor.RazorPage<dynamic>
Make the following changes:
RazorTargetAssemblyAttribute
RazorTargetName
EnableDefaultRazorTargetAssemblyInfoAttributes
UseRazorBuildServer
GenerateRazorTargetAssemblyInfo
GenerateMvcApplicationPartsAssemblyAttributes
For more information, see Razor compiler no longer produces a Views assembly.
Project templates now use Duende Identity Server.
महत्वपूर्ण
Duende Identity Server is an open source product with a reciprocal license agreement. If you plan to use Duende Identity Server in production, you might be required to obtain a commercial licence from Duende Software and pay a license fee. For more information, see Duende Software: Licenses.
To learn how to use Microsoft Azure Active Directory for ASP.NET Core Identity, see Identity (dotnet/aspnetcore GitHub repository).
Add a DbSet<Key>
property named Keys
to every IdentityDbContext
to satisfy a new requirement from the updated version of IPersistedGrantDbContext
. The keys are required as part of the contract with Duende Identity Server's stores.
public DbSet<Key> Keys { get; set; }
नोट
Existing migrations must be recreated for Duende Identity Server.
Code samples migrated to the new minimal hosting model in 6.0
See the following resources:
6.0.0
label): Includes breaking and non-breaking information.ASP.NET Core project templates use nullable reference types (NRTs), and the .NET compiler performs null-state static analysis. These features were released with C# 8 and are enabled by default for apps generated using ASP.NET Core 6.0 (C# 10) or later.
The .NET compiler's null-state static analysis warnings can either serve as a guide for updating a documentation example or sample app locally or be ignored. Null-state static analysis can be disabled by setting Nullable
to disable
in the app's project file, which we only recommend for documentation examples and sample apps if the compiler warnings are distracting while learning about .NET. We don't recommend disabling null-state checking in production projects.
For more information on NRTs, the MSBuild Nullable
property, and updating apps (including #pragma
guidance), see the following resources in the C# documentation:
If the ASP.NET Core Module (ANCM) wasn't a selected component when Visual Studio was installed or if a prior version of the ANCM was installed on the system, download the latest .NET Core Hosting Bundle Installer (direct download) and run the installer. For more information, see Hosting Bundle.
In .NET 6, WebApplicationBuilder normalizes the content root path to end with a DirectorySeparatorChar. Most apps migrating from HostBuilder or WebHostBuilder won't have the same app name because they aren't normalized. For more information, see SetApplicationName
ASP.NET Core प्रतिक्रिया
ASP.NET Core एक ओपन सोर्स प्रोजेक्ट है. प्रतिक्रिया प्रदान करने के लिए लिंक का चयन करें:
ईवेंट्स
Power BI DataViz World Championship
14 फ़र॰, 4 pm - 31 मार्च, 4 pm
प्रवेश करने के 4 अवसरों के साथ, आप एक सम्मेलन पैकेज जीत सकते हैं और लास वेगास में लाइव ग्रैंड फिनाले में जगह बना सकते हैं
अधिक जानेंप्रशिक्षण
मॉड्यूल
सी में शून्य सुरक्षा# - Training
NullReferenceException की घटना को रोकने में मदद करने के लिए कोडिंग अभ्यास जानें।