Action<T1,T2,T3> Delegasikan

Referensi

Definisi

Ruang nama:: System

Rakitan:: mscorlib.dll, System.Runtime.dll

Rakitan:: netstandard.dll, System.Runtime.dll

Rakitan:: System.Runtime.dll

Rakitan:: System.Core.dll

Rakitan:: mscorlib.dll

Rakitan:: netstandard.dll

Penting

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Merangkum metode yang memiliki tiga parameter dan tidak mengembalikan nilai.

generic <typename T1, typename T2, typename T3>
public delegate void Action(T1 arg1, T2 arg2, T3 arg3);

public delegate void Action<in T1,in T2,in T3>(T1 arg1, T2 arg2, T3 arg3);

public delegate void Action<T1,T2,T3>(T1 arg1, T2 arg2, T3 arg3);

type Action<'T1, 'T2, 'T3> = delegate of 'T1 * 'T2 * 'T3 -> unit

Public Delegate Sub Action(Of In T1, In T2, In T3)(arg1 As T1, arg2 As T2, arg3 As T3)

Public Delegate Sub Action(Of T1, T2, T3)(arg1 As T1, arg2 As T2, arg3 As T3)

Jenis parameter

T1

Jenis parameter pertama metode yang dienkapsulasi delegasi ini.

Parameter jenis ini bersifat kontravarian. Artinya, Anda bisa menggunakan jenis yang Anda tentukan atau jenis apa pun yang tidak banyak diturunkan. Untuk informasi lebih lanjut tentang kovariansi dan kontravariansi, lihat Kovariansi dan Kontravariansi dalam Generik.

T2

Jenis parameter kedua metode yang dienkapsulasi delegasi ini.

T3

Jenis parameter ketiga metode yang dienkapsulasi delegasi ini.

Parameter

arg1: T1

Parameter pertama metode yang dienkapsulasi delegasi ini.

arg2: T2

Parameter kedua metode yang dienkapsulasi delegasi ini.

arg3: T3

Parameter ketiga dari metode yang dienkapsulasi delegasi ini.

Keterangan

Anda dapat menggunakan delegasi Action<T1,T2,T3> untuk meneruskan metode sebagai parameter tanpa secara eksplisit mendeklarasikan delegasi kustom. Metode yang dienkapsulasi harus sesuai dengan tanda tangan metode yang ditentukan oleh delegasi ini. Ini berarti bahwa metode yang dienkapsulasi harus memiliki tiga parameter yang semuanya diteruskan ke dalamnya berdasarkan nilai, dan tidak boleh mengembalikan nilai. (Dalam C#, metode harus mengembalikan void. Di F#, metode atau fungsi harus mengembalikan unit. Dalam Visual Basic, itu harus didefinisikan oleh Sub... konstruksiEnd Sub. Ini juga bisa menjadi metode yang mengembalikan nilai yang diabaikan.) Biasanya, metode seperti itu digunakan untuk melakukan operasi.

Catatan

Untuk mereferensikan metode yang memiliki tiga parameter dan mengembalikan nilai, gunakan delegasi Func<T1,T2,T3,TResult> generik sebagai gantinya.

Saat Anda menggunakan delegasi Action<T1,T2,T3>, Anda tidak perlu secara eksplisit menentukan delegasi yang merangkum metode dengan tiga parameter. Misalnya, kode berikut secara eksplisit menyatakan delegasi bernama StringCopy dan menetapkan referensi ke metode CopyStrings ke instans delegasinya.

using System;

delegate void StringCopy(string[] stringArray1,
                         string[] stringArray2,
                         int indexToStart);

public class TestDelegate
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        string[] ordinals = ["First", "Second", "Third", "Fourth", "Fifth"];
        string[] copiedOrdinals = new string[ordinals.Length];
        StringCopy copyOperation = CopyStrings;
        copyOperation(ordinals, copiedOrdinals, 3);
        foreach (string ordinal in copiedOrdinals)
            Console.WriteLine(string.IsNullOrEmpty(ordinal) ? "<None>" : ordinal);
    }

    private static void CopyStrings(string[] source, string[] target, int startPos)
    {
        if (source.Length != target.Length)
            throw new IndexOutOfRangeException("The source and target arrays must have the same number of elements.");

        for (int ctr = startPos; ctr <= source.Length - 1; ctr++)
            target[ctr] = source[ctr];
    }
}

open System

type StringCopy = delegate of stringArray1: string [] * 
                              stringArray2: string [] * 
                              indexToStart: int -> unit

let copyStrings (source: string []) (target: string []) startPos =
    if source.Length <> target.Length then
        raise (IndexOutOfRangeException "The source and target arrays must have the same number of elements.")

    for i = startPos to source.Length - 1 do
        target.[i] <- source.[i]

let ordinals = [| "First"; "Second"; "Third"; "Fourth"; "Fifth" |]
let copiedOrdinals: string [] = Array.zeroCreate ordinals.Length

let copyOperation = StringCopy copyStrings

copyOperation.Invoke(ordinals, copiedOrdinals, 3)

for ordinal in copiedOrdinals do
    printfn "%s" (if String.IsNullOrEmpty ordinal then "<None>" else ordinal)

Delegate Sub StringCopy(stringArray1() As String,
                        stringArray2() As String,
                        indexToStart As Integer)

Module TestDelegate
    Public Sub RunIt()
        Dim ordinals() As String = {"First", "Second", "Third", "Fourth", "Fifth"}
        Dim copiedOrdinals(ordinals.Length - 1) As String
        Dim copyOperation As StringCopy = AddressOf CopyStrings
        copyOperation(ordinals, copiedOrdinals, 3)
        For Each ordinal As String In copiedOrdinals
            If String.IsNullOrEmpty(ordinal) Then
                Console.WriteLine("<None>")
            Else
                Console.WriteLine(ordinal)
            End If
        Next
    End Sub

    Private Sub CopyStrings(source() As String, target() As String, startPos As Integer)
        If source.Length <> target.Length Then
            Throw New IndexOutOfRangeException("The source and target arrays must have the same number of elements.")
        End If
        For ctr As Integer = startPos To source.Length - 1
            target(ctr) = source(ctr)
        Next
    End Sub
End Module

Contoh berikut menyederhanakan kode ini dengan membuat instans delegasi Action<T1,T2,T3> alih-alih secara eksplisit menentukan delegasi baru dan menetapkan metode bernama untuk kode tersebut.

using System;

public class TestAction3
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        string[] ordinals = ["First", "Second", "Third", "Fourth", "Fifth"];
        string[] copiedOrdinals = new string[ordinals.Length];
        Action<string[], string[], int> copyOperation = CopyStrings;
        copyOperation(ordinals, copiedOrdinals, 3);
        foreach (string ordinal in copiedOrdinals)
            Console.WriteLine(string.IsNullOrEmpty(ordinal) ? "<None>" : ordinal);
    }

    private static void CopyStrings(string[] source, string[] target, int startPos)
    {
        if (source.Length != target.Length)
            throw new IndexOutOfRangeException("The source and target arrays must have the same number of elements.");

        for (int ctr = startPos; ctr <= source.Length - 1; ctr++)
            target[ctr] = source[ctr];
    }
}

open System

let copyStrings (source: string []) (target: string []) startPos =
    if source.Length <> target.Length then
        raise (IndexOutOfRangeException "The source and target arrays must have the same number of elements.")

    for i = startPos to source.Length - 1 do
        target.[i] <- source.[i]

let ordinals = [| "First"; "Second"; "Third"; "Fourth"; "Fifth" |]
let copiedOrdinals = Array.zeroCreate<string> ordinals.Length

let copyOperation = Action<_,_,_> copyStrings

copyOperation.Invoke(ordinals, copiedOrdinals, 3)

for ordinal in copiedOrdinals do
    printfn "%s" (if String.IsNullOrEmpty ordinal then "<None>" else ordinal)

Module TestAction3
    Public Sub RunIt()
        Dim ordinals() As String = {"First", "Second", "Third", "Fourth", "Fifth"}
        Dim copiedOrdinals(ordinals.Length - 1) As String
        Dim copyOperation As Action(Of String(), String(), Integer) = AddressOf CopyStrings
        copyOperation(ordinals, copiedOrdinals, 3)
        For Each ordinal As String In copiedOrdinals
            If String.IsNullOrEmpty(ordinal) Then
                Console.WriteLine("<None>")
            Else
                Console.WriteLine(ordinal)
            End If
        Next
    End Sub

    Private Sub CopyStrings(source() As String, target() As String, startPos As Integer)
        If source.Length <> target.Length Then
            Throw New IndexOutOfRangeException("The source and target arrays must have the same number of elements.")
        End If
        For ctr As Integer = startPos To source.Length - 1
            target(ctr) = source(ctr)
        Next
    End Sub
End Module

Anda juga dapat menggunakan delegasi Action<T1,T2,T3> dengan metode anonim di C#, seperti yang diilustrasikan contoh berikut. (Untuk pengenalan metode anonim, lihat Metode Anonim.)

using System;

public class TestAnon
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        string[] ordinals = ["First", "Second", "Third", "Fourth", "Fifth"];
        string[] copiedOrdinals = new string[ordinals.Length];
        Action<string[], string[], int> copyOperation = delegate (string[] s1,
                                                                 string[] s2,
                                                                 int pos)
                                        { CopyStrings(s1, s2, pos); };
        copyOperation(ordinals, copiedOrdinals, 3);
        foreach (string ordinal in copiedOrdinals)
            Console.WriteLine(string.IsNullOrEmpty(ordinal) ? "<None>" : ordinal);
    }

    private static void CopyStrings(string[] source, string[] target, int startPos)
    {
        if (source.Length != target.Length)
            throw new IndexOutOfRangeException("The source and target arrays must have the same number of elements.");

        for (int ctr = startPos; ctr <= source.Length - 1; ctr++)
            target[ctr] = source[ctr];
    }
}

Anda juga dapat menetapkan ekspresi lambda ke instans delegasi Action<T1,T2,T3>, seperti yang diilustrasikan contoh berikut. (Untuk pengenalan ekspresi lambda, lihat Ekspresi Lambda (C#) atau Ekspresi Lambda (F#).)

using System;

public class TestLambda
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        string[] ordinals = ["First", "Second", "Third", "Fourth", "Fifth"];
        string[] copiedOrdinals = new string[ordinals.Length];
        Action<string[], string[], int> copyOperation = (s1, s2, pos) =>
                                        CopyStrings(s1, s2, pos);
        copyOperation(ordinals, copiedOrdinals, 3);
        foreach (string ordinal in copiedOrdinals)
            Console.WriteLine(string.IsNullOrEmpty(ordinal) ? "<None>" : ordinal);
    }

    private static void CopyStrings(string[] source, string[] target, int startPos)
    {
        if (source.Length != target.Length)
            throw new IndexOutOfRangeException("The source and target arrays must have the same number of elements.");

        for (int ctr = startPos; ctr <= source.Length - 1; ctr++)
            target[ctr] = source[ctr];
    }
}

open System

let copyStrings (source: string []) (target: string []) startPos =
    if source.Length <> target.Length then
        raise (IndexOutOfRangeException "The source and target arrays must have the same number of elements.")

    for i = startPos to source.Length - 1 do
        target.[i] <- source.[i]

let ordinals = [| "First"; "Second"; "Third"; "Fourth"; "Fifth" |]
let copiedOrdinals: string [] = Array.zeroCreate ordinals.Length

let copyOperation = Action<_,_,_> (fun s1 s2 pos -> copyStrings s1 s2 pos)

copyOperation.Invoke(ordinals, copiedOrdinals, 3)

for ordinal in copiedOrdinals do
    printfn "%s" (if String.IsNullOrEmpty ordinal then "<None>" else ordinal)

Public Module TestLambda
    Public Sub RunIt()
        Dim ordinals() As String = {"First", "Second", "Third", "Fourth", "Fifth"}
        Dim copiedOrdinals(ordinals.Length - 1) As String
        Dim copyOperation As Action(Of String(), String(), Integer) =
                           Sub(s1, s2, pos) CopyStrings(s1, s2, pos)
        copyOperation(ordinals, copiedOrdinals, 3)
        For Each ordinal As String In copiedOrdinals
            If String.IsNullOrEmpty(ordinal) Then
                Console.WriteLine("<None>")
            Else
                Console.WriteLine(ordinal)
            End If
        Next
    End Sub

    Private Function CopyStrings(source() As String, target() As String, startPos As Integer) As Integer
        If source.Length <> target.Length Then
            Throw New IndexOutOfRangeException("The source and target arrays must have the same number of elements.")
        End If

        For ctr As Integer = startPos To source.Length - 1
            target(ctr) = source(ctr)
        Next
        Return source.Length - startPos
    End Function
End Module

' The example displays the following output:
'       Fourth
'       Fifth

Metode Ekstensi

GetMethodInfo(Delegate)

Mendapatkan objek yang mewakili metode yang diwakili oleh delegasi yang ditentukan.

Berlaku untuk

Produk	Versi
.NET	Core 1.0, Core 1.1, Core 2.0, Core 2.1, Core 2.2, Core 3.0, Core 3.1, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
.NET Framework	3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 4.5.1, 4.5.2, 4.6, 4.6.1, 4.6.2, 4.7, 4.7.1, 4.7.2, 4.8, 4.8.1
.NET Standard	1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 2.0, 2.1
UWP	10.0

Lihat juga

Func<T1,T2,T3,TResult>

Bagikan melalui