Wykonywanie kopii zapasowych i przywracania baz danych i dzienników transakcji

W SMO Backup klasy oraz Restore klasy są klasy narzędzie, które oferują narzędzia do wykonywania określonych zadań, tworzenie kopii zapasowych i przywracania.A Backup object represents a specific backup task that is required instead of a Microsoft SQL Server object on the server instance.

Jeżeli występuje utrata danych lub uszkodzenia kopia zapasowa musi zostać przywrócony, całkowicie lub częściowo.Przywracanie częściowe używa FileGroupCollection kolekcja na segmenty danych do przywrócenia.W przypadku kopia zapasowa dziennika transakcji, można przywrócić dane do określonego punktu w czas za pomocą ToPointInTime Właściwość Restore obiektu.Dane mogą również być sprawdzone za pomocą SqlVerify metoda.Zalecaną procedurę tworzenia kopia zapasowa jest sprawdzenie integralność kopia zapasowa przez wykonanie operacji przywracanie i sprawdzania danych w bazie danych w regularnych odstępach czasu.

Podobnie jak Backup obiekt, Restore obiektu nie muszą być tworzone przy użyciu Create metoda, ponieważ nie reprezentuje dowolny obiekt na wystąpienie SQL Server.Restore Obiektu jest zestaw właściwości i metody używane do przywracanie bazy danych.

Przykłady

Aby używać dostarczonych przykładów kodu źródłowego, należy wybrać środowisko, szablon oraz język programowania, które będą używane do tworzenia aplikacji.Aby uzyskać więcej informacji, zobacz Jak Tworzenie projektu SMO Visual Basic w programie Visual Studio.NET lub Jak Tworzenie projektu programu Visual C# SMO w programie Visual Studio.NET.

Wykonywanie kopii zapasowej bazy danych i transakcji dzienniki w języku Visual Basic

Poniższy przykład kodu pokazuje wykonywania tworzyć kopię zapasową zapasowej istniejącej bazy danych do pliku, a następnie jak przywracanie go.

'Connect to the local, default instance of SQL Server.
Dim srv As Server
srv = New Server
'Reference the AdventureWorks2008R2 database.
Dim db As Database
db = srv.Databases("AdventureWorks2008R2")
'Store the current recovery model in a variable.
Dim recoverymod As Integer
recoverymod = db.DatabaseOptions.RecoveryModel
'Define a Backup object variable. 
Dim bk As New Backup
'Specify the type of backup, the description, the name, and the database to be backed up.
bk.Action = BackupActionType.Database
bk.BackupSetDescription = "Full backup of AdventureWorks2008R2"
bk.BackupSetName = "AdventureWorks 2008R2 Backup"
bk.Database = "AdventureWorks2008R2"
'Declare a BackupDeviceItem by supplying the backup device file name in the constructor, and the type of device is a file.
Dim bdi As BackupDeviceItem
bdi = New BackupDeviceItem("Test_Full_Backup1", DeviceType.File)
'Add the device to the Backup object.
bk.Devices.Add(bdi)
'Set the Incremental property to False to specify that this is a full database backup.
bk.Incremental = False
'Set the expiration date.
Dim backupdate As New Date
backupdate = New Date(2006, 10, 5)
bk.ExpirationDate = backupdate
'Specify that the log must be truncated after the backup is complete.
bk.LogTruncation = BackupTruncateLogType.Truncate
'Run SqlBackup to perform the full database backup on the instance of SQL Server.
bk.SqlBackup(srv)
'Inform the user that the backup has been completed.
Console.WriteLine("Full Backup complete.")
'Remove the backup device from the Backup object.
bk.Devices.Remove(bdi)
'Make a change to the database, in this case, add a table called test_table.
Dim t As Table
t = New Table(db, "test_table")
Dim c As Column
c = New Column(t, "col", DataType.Int)
t.Columns.Add(c)
t.Create()
'Create another file device for the differential backup and add the Backup object.
Dim bdid As BackupDeviceItem
bdid = New BackupDeviceItem("Test_Differential_Backup1", DeviceType.File)
'Add the device to the Backup object.
bk.Devices.Add(bdid)
'Set the Incremental property to True for a differential backup.
bk.Incremental = True
'Run SqlBackup to perform the incremental database backup on the instance of SQL Server.
bk.SqlBackup(srv)
'Inform the user that the differential backup is complete.
Console.WriteLine("Differential Backup complete.")
'Remove the device from the Backup object.
bk.Devices.Remove(bdid)
'Delete the AdventureWorks2008R2 database before restoring it.
srv.Databases("AdventureWorks2008R2").Drop()
'Define a Restore object variable.
Dim rs As Restore
rs = New Restore
'Set the NoRecovery property to true, so the transactions are not recovered.
rs.NoRecovery = True
'Add the device that contains the full database backup to the Restore object.
rs.Devices.Add(bdi)
'Specify the database name.
rs.Database = "AdventureWorks2008R2"
'Restore the full database backup with no recovery.
rs.SqlRestore(srv)
'Inform the user that the Full Database Restore is complete.
Console.WriteLine("Full Database Restore complete.")
'Remove the device from the Restore object.
rs.Devices.Remove(bdi)
'Set te NoRecovery property to False.
rs.NoRecovery = False
'Add the device that contains the differential backup to the Restore object.
rs.Devices.Add(bdid)
'Restore the differential database backup with recovery.
rs.SqlRestore(srv)
'Inform the user that the differential database restore is complete.
Console.WriteLine("Differential Database Restore complete.")
'Remove the device.
rs.Devices.Remove(bdid)
'Set the database recovery mode back to its original value.
srv.Databases("AdventureWorks2008R2").DatabaseOptions.RecoveryModel = recoverymod
'Drop the table that was added.
srv.Databases("AdventureWorks2008R2").Tables("test_table").Drop()
srv.Databases("AdventureWorks2008R2").Alter()
'Remove the backup files from the hard disk.
My.Computer.FileSystem.DeleteFile("C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL.1\MSSQL\Backup\Test_Full_Backup1")
My.Computer.FileSystem.DeleteFile("C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL.1\MSSQL\Backup\Test_Differential_Backup1")

Wykonywanie kopii zapasowej bazy danych i transakcji dzienniki w środowisku Visual C#

Poniższy przykład kodu pokazuje wykonywania tworzyć kopię zapasową zapasowej istniejącej bazy danych do pliku, a następnie jak przywracanie go.

{
            //Connect to the local, default instance of SQL Server. 
            Server srv = new Server();
            //Reference the AdventureWorks2008R2 database. 
            Database db = default(Database);
            db = srv.Databases["AdventureWorks2008R2"];
          
            //Store the current recovery model in a variable. 
            int recoverymod;
            recoverymod = (int)db.DatabaseOptions.RecoveryModel;

            //Define a Backup object variable. 
            Backup bk = new Backup();

            //Specify the type of backup, the description, the name, and the database to be backed up. 
            bk.Action = BackupActionType.Database;
            bk.BackupSetDescription = "Full backup of Adventureworks2008R2";
            bk.BackupSetName = "AdventureWorks2008R2 Backup";
            bk.Database = "AdventureWorks2008R2";
      
            //Declare a BackupDeviceItem by supplying the backup device file name in the constructor, and the type of device is a file. 
            BackupDeviceItem bdi = default(BackupDeviceItem);
            bdi = new BackupDeviceItem("Test_Full_Backup1", DeviceType.File);

            //Add the device to the Backup object. 
            bk.Devices.Add(bdi);
            //Set the Incremental property to False to specify that this is a full database backup. 
            bk.Incremental = false;

            //Set the expiration date. 
            System.DateTime backupdate = new System.DateTime();
            backupdate = new System.DateTime(2006, 10, 5);
            bk.ExpirationDate = backupdate;

            //Specify that the log must be truncated after the backup is complete. 
            bk.LogTruncation = BackupTruncateLogType.Truncate;

            //Run SqlBackup to perform the full database backup on the instance of SQL Server. 
            bk.SqlBackup(srv);

            //Inform the user that the backup has been completed. 
            Console.WriteLine("Full Backup complete.");

            //Remove the backup device from the Backup object. 
            bk.Devices.Remove(bdi);

            //Make a change to the database, in this case, add a table called test_table. 
            Table t = default(Table);
            t = new Table(db, "test_table");
            Column c = default(Column);
            c = new Column(t, "col", DataType.Int);
            t.Columns.Add(c);
            t.Create();

            //Create another file device for the differential backup and add the Backup object. 
            BackupDeviceItem bdid = default(BackupDeviceItem);
            bdid = new BackupDeviceItem("Test_Differential_Backup1", DeviceType.File);

            //Add the device to the Backup object. 
            bk.Devices.Add(bdid);

            //Set the Incremental property to True for a differential backup. 
            bk.Incremental = true;

            //Run SqlBackup to perform the incremental database backup on the instance of SQL Server. 
            bk.SqlBackup(srv);

            //Inform the user that the differential backup is complete. 
            Console.WriteLine("Differential Backup complete.");

            //Remove the device from the Backup object. 
            bk.Devices.Remove(bdid);

            //Delete the AdventureWorks2008R2 database before restoring it
           // db.Drop();

            //Define a Restore object variable.
            Restore rs = new Restore();

            //Set the NoRecovery property to true, so the transactions are not recovered. 
            rs.NoRecovery = true;

            //Add the device that contains the full database backup to the Restore object. 
            rs.Devices.Add(bdi);

            //Specify the database name. 
            rs.Database = "AdventureWorks2008R2";

            //Restore the full database backup with no recovery. 
            rs.SqlRestore(srv);

            //Inform the user that the Full Database Restore is complete. 
            Console.WriteLine("Full Database Restore complete.");

            //reacquire a reference to the database
            db = srv.Databases["AdventureWorks2008R2"];

            //Remove the device from the Restore object.
            rs.Devices.Remove(bdi);

            //Set the NoRecovery property to False. 
            rs.NoRecovery = false;

            //Add the device that contains the differential backup to the Restore object. 
            rs.Devices.Add(bdid);

            //Restore the differential database backup with recovery. 
            rs.SqlRestore(srv);

            //Inform the user that the differential database restore is complete. 
            Console.WriteLine("Differential Database Restore complete.");

            //Remove the device. 
            rs.Devices.Remove(bdid);

            //Set the database recovery mode back to its original value.
            db.RecoveryModel = (RecoveryModel)recoverymod;
          
            //Drop the table that was added. 
            db.Tables["test_table"].Drop();
            db.Alter();

            //Remove the backup files from the hard disk.
            //This location is dependent on the installation of SQL Server
            File.Delete("C:\\Program Files\\Microsoft SQL Server\\MSSQL10.MSSQLSERVER\\MSSQL\\Backup\\Test_Full_Backup1");
        File.Delete("C:\\Program Files\\Microsoft SQL Server\\MSSQL10.MSSQLSERVER\\MSSQL\\Backup\\Test_Differential_Backup1");
        
        } 

Wykonywanie kopii zapasowej bazy danych i transakcji dzienniki w PowerShell

Poniższy przykład kodu pokazuje wykonywania tworzyć kopię zapasową zapasowej istniejącej bazy danych do pliku, a następnie jak przywracanie go.

#Backing up and restoring a Database from PowerShell

#Connect to the local, default instance of SQL Server.

#Get a server object which corresponds to the default instance
$srv = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SMO.Server

#Reference the AdventureWorks database.
$db = $srv.Databases["AdventureWorks"]

#Store the current recovery model in a variable.
$recoverymod = $db.DatabaseOptions.RecoveryModel

#Create a Backup object
$bk = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SMO.Backup

#set to backup the database
$bk.Action = [Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SMO.BackupActionType]::Database

#Set back up properties
$bk.BackupSetDescription = "Full backup of AdventureWorks"
$bk.BackupSetName = "AdventureWorks Backup"
$bk.Database = "AdventureWorks"

#Declare a BackupDeviceItem by supplying the backup device file name in the constructor, 
#and the type of device is a file.
$dt = [Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SMO.DeviceType]::File
$bdi = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SMO.BackupDeviceItem `
-argumentlist "Test_FullBackup1", $dt

#Add the device to the Backup object.
$bk.Devices.Add($bdi)

#Set the Incremental property to False to specify that this is a full database backup.
$bk.Incremental = $false

#Set the expiration date.
$bk.ExpirationDate = get-date "10/05/2006"

#Specify that the log must be truncated after the backup is complete.
$bk.LogTruncation = [Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SMO.BackupTruncateLogType]::Truncate

#Run SqlBackup to perform the full database backup on the instance of SQL Server.
$bk.SqlBackup($srv)

#Inform the user that the backup has been completed.
"Full Backup complete."

#Remove the backup device from the Backup object.
$bk.Devices.Remove($bdi)

#Make a change to the database, in this case, add a table called test_table.
$t = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SMO.Table -argumentlist $db, "test_table"
$type = [Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SMO.DataType]::int
$c = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SMO.Column -argumentlist $t, "col", $type     
$t.Columns.Add($c)
$t.Create()

#Create another file device for the differential backup and add the Backup object.
# $dt is file backup device
$bdid = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SMO.BackupDeviceItem `
-argumentlist "Test_DifferentialBackup1", $dt
#Add this device to the backup set
$bk.Devices.Add($bdid)

#Set the Incremental property to True for a differential backup.
$bk.Incremental = $true

#Run SqlBackup to perform the incremental database backup on the instance of SQL Server.
$bk.SqlBackup($srv)

#Inform the user that the differential backup is complete.
"Differential Backup complete."

#Remove the device from the Backup object.
$bk.Devices.Remove($bdid)

#Delete the AdventureWorks database before restoring it.
$db.Drop()

#Define a Restore object variable.
$rs = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SMO.Restore

#Set the NoRecovery property to true, so the transactions are not recovered.
$rs.NoRecovery = $true

#Add the device that contains the full database backup to the Restore object.
$rs.Devices.Add($bdi)

#Specify the database name.
$rs.Database = "AdventureWorks"
#Restore the full database backup with no recovery.
$rs.SqlRestore($srv)

#Inform the user that the Full Database Restore is complete.
"Full Database Restore complete."

#Remove the device from the Restore object.
$rs.Devices.Remove($bdi)

#Set the NoRecovery property to False.
$rs.NoRecovery = $false

#Add the device that contains the differential backup to the Restore object.
$rs.Devices.Add($bdid)

#Restore the differential database backup with recovery.
$rs.SqlRestore($srv)

#Inform the user that the differential database restore is complete.
"Differential Database Restore complete."
       
#Remove the device.
$rs.Devices.Remove($bdid)

#Set the database recovery mode back to its original value.
$db = $srv.Databases["AdventureWorks"]
$db.DatabaseOptions.RecoveryModel = $recoverymod

#Drop the table that was added.
$db.Tables["test_table"].Drop()
$db.Alter()

#Delete the backup files - the exact location depends on your installation
del "C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL10.MSSQLSERVER\MSSQL\Backup\Test_FullBackup1"
del "C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL10.MSSQLSERVER\MSSQL\Backup\Test_DifferentialBackup1"

Uruchamianie integralność bazy danych sprawdza w języku Visual Basic

SQL Server Umożliwia sprawdzanie integralność danych.Poniższy przykład kodu działa typu spójności bazy danych z określonej bazy danych.W tym przykładzie CheckTables jest używany, ale CheckAllocations, CheckCatalog, lub CheckIdentityValues można używać podobnie.

Ostrzeżenie

StringCollection Obiektu wymaga odwołania do nazw przy użyciu imports System.Collections.Specialized instrukcja.

'Connect to the local, default instance of SQL Server.
Dim srv As Server
srv = New Server
'Reference the AdventureWorks2008R2 database.
Dim db As Database
db = srv.Databases("AdventureWorks2008R2")
'Note, to use the StringCollection type the System.Collections.Specialized system namespace must be included in the imports statements.
Dim sc As StringCollection
'Run the CheckTables method and display the results from the returned StringCollection variable.
sc = db.CheckTables(RepairType.None)
Dim c As Integer
For c = 0 To sc.Count - 1
    Console.WriteLine(sc.Item(c))
Next

Sprawdza uruchomiony integralność bazy danych w środowisku Visual C#

SQL Server Umożliwia sprawdzanie integralność danych.Poniższy przykład kodu działa typu spójności bazy danych z określonej bazy danych.W tym przykładzie CheckTables jest używany, ale CheckAllocations, CheckCatalog, lub CheckIdentityValues można używać podobnie.

Ostrzeżenie

StringCollection Obiektu wymaga odwołania do nazw przy użyciu imports System.Collections.Specialized instrukcja.

{
            //Connect to the local, default instance of SQL Server. 
            Server srv = new Server();

            //Reference the AdventureWorks2008R2 database.           
            Database db = srv.Databases["AdventureWorks2008R2"];

            //Note, to use the StringCollection type the System.Collections.Specialized system namespace must be included in the imports statements. 
            System.Collections.Specialized.StringCollection sc;

            //Run the CheckTables method and display the results from the returned StringCollection variable. 
            sc = db.CheckTables(RepairType.None);
           
            foreach (string c in sc)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(c);
            }
        }

Uruchamianie integralność bazy danych sprawdza w PowerShell

SQL Server Umożliwia sprawdzanie integralność danych.Poniższy przykład kodu działa typu spójności bazy danych z określonej bazy danych.W tym przykładzie CheckTables jest używany, ale CheckAllocations, CheckCatalog, lub CheckIdentityValues można używać podobnie.

Ostrzeżenie

StringCollection Obiektu wymaga odwołania do nazw przy użyciu imports System.Collections.Specialized instrukcja.

# Set the path context to the local, default instance of SQL Server and get a reference to AdventureWorks2008R2
CD \sql\localhost\default\databases
$db = get-item Adventureworks2008R2

$sc = $db.CheckTables([Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SMO.RepairType]::None)
foreach ($c in $sc)
{
    $c
 }