IEnumerable.GetEnumerator 方法

參考

定義

命名空間:: System.Collections

組件:: System.Runtime.dll

組件:: mscorlib.dll

組件:: netstandard.dll

重要

部分資訊涉及發行前產品，在發行之前可能會有大幅修改。 Microsoft 對此處提供的資訊，不做任何明確或隱含的瑕疵擔保。

傳回逐一查看集合的列舉值。

public:
 System::Collections::IEnumerator ^ GetEnumerator();

public System.Collections.IEnumerator GetEnumerator ();

abstract member GetEnumerator : unit -> System.Collections.IEnumerator

Public Function GetEnumerator () As IEnumerator

傳回

IEnumerator

IEnumerator 物件，可用於逐一查看集合。

範例

下列程式碼範例示範自訂集合介面 IEnumerable 的實作。在此範例中， GetEnumerator 不會明確呼叫，但實作以支援在 Visual Basic) 中使用 foreach (For Each 。此程式碼範例是介面較大範例 IEnumerable 的一部分。

using System;
using System.Collections;

// Simple business object.
public class Person
{
    public Person(string fName, string lName)
    {
        this.firstName = fName;
        this.lastName = lName;
    }

    public string firstName;
    public string lastName;
}

// Collection of Person objects. This class
// implements IEnumerable so that it can be used
// with ForEach syntax.
public class People : IEnumerable
{
    private Person[] _people;
    public People(Person[] pArray)
    {
        _people = new Person[pArray.Length];

        for (int i = 0; i < pArray.Length; i++)
        {
            _people[i] = pArray[i];
        }
    }

// Implementation for the GetEnumerator method.
    IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator()
    {
       return (IEnumerator) GetEnumerator();
    }

    public PeopleEnum GetEnumerator()
    {
        return new PeopleEnum(_people);
    }
}

// When you implement IEnumerable, you must also implement IEnumerator.
public class PeopleEnum : IEnumerator
{
    public Person[] _people;

    // Enumerators are positioned before the first element
    // until the first MoveNext() call.
    int position = -1;

    public PeopleEnum(Person[] list)
    {
        _people = list;
    }

    public bool MoveNext()
    {
        position++;
        return (position < _people.Length);
    }

    public void Reset()
    {
        position = -1;
    }

    object IEnumerator.Current
    {
        get
        {
            return Current;
        }
    }

    public Person Current
    {
        get
        {
            try
            {
                return _people[position];
            }
            catch (IndexOutOfRangeException)
            {
                throw new InvalidOperationException();
            }
        }
    }
}

class App
{
    static void Main()
    {
        Person[] peopleArray = new Person[3]
        {
            new Person("John", "Smith"),
            new Person("Jim", "Johnson"),
            new Person("Sue", "Rabon"),
        };

        People peopleList = new People(peopleArray);
        foreach (Person p in peopleList)
            Console.WriteLine(p.firstName + " " + p.lastName);
    }
}

/* This code produces output similar to the following:
 *
 * John Smith
 * Jim Johnson
 * Sue Rabon
 *
 */

Imports System.Collections

' Simple business object.
Public Class Person

    Public Sub New(ByVal fName As String, ByVal lName As String)
        Me.firstName = fName
        Me.lastName = lName
    End Sub


    Public firstName As String
    Public lastName As String
End Class

' Collection of Person objects, which implements IEnumerable so that
' it can be used with ForEach syntax.
Public Class People
    Implements IEnumerable

    Private _people() As Person

    Public Sub New(ByVal pArray() As Person)
        _people = New Person(pArray.Length - 1) {}

        Dim i As Integer
        For i = 0 To pArray.Length - 1
            _people(i) = pArray(i)
        Next i
    End Sub

    ' Implementation of GetEnumerator.
    Public Function GetEnumerator() As IEnumerator _
      Implements IEnumerable.GetEnumerator

        Return New PeopleEnum(_people)
    End Function

End Class

' When you implement IEnumerable, you must also implement IEnumerator.
Public Class PeopleEnum
    Implements IEnumerator

    Public _people() As Person

    ' Enumerators are positioned before the first element
    ' until the first MoveNext() call.
    Dim position As Integer = -1

    Public Sub New(ByVal list() As Person)
        _people = list
    End Sub

    Public Function MoveNext() As Boolean Implements IEnumerator.MoveNext
        position = position + 1
        Return (position < _people.Length)
    End Function

    Public Sub Reset() Implements IEnumerator.Reset
        position = -1
    End Sub

    Public ReadOnly Property Current() As Object Implements IEnumerator.Current
        Get
            Try
                Return _people(position)
            Catch ex As IndexOutOfRangeException
                Throw New InvalidOperationException()
            End Try
        End Get
    End Property
End Class

Class App
    Shared Sub Main()
        Dim peopleArray() As Person = { _
            New Person("John", "Smith"), _
            New Person("Jim", "Johnson"), _
            New Person("Sue", "Rabon")}

        Dim peopleList As New People(peopleArray)
        Dim p As Person
        For Each p In peopleList
            Console.WriteLine(p.firstName + " " + p.lastName)
        Next

    End Sub
End Class

' This code produces output similar to the following:
' 
' John Smith
' Jim Johnson
' Sue Rabon

備註

C# 語言的 foreach 陳述式 (在 Visual Basic 中為 For Each) 會隱藏列舉值的複雜度。因此，建議您使用 foreach，而不要直接使用列舉值。

列舉程式可以用來讀取集合中的資料，但是無法用來修改基礎集合。

一開始，列舉程式位在集合中的第一個項目之前。方法 Reset 也會將列舉值帶回這個位置。在這個位置， Current 屬性是未定義的。因此，您必須呼叫 MoveNext 方法，將列舉值前進至集合的第一個專案，再讀取的值 Current 。

Current 會傳回相同的物件直到呼叫 MoveNext 或 Reset。 MoveNext 會將 Current 設定為下一個項目。

如果 MoveNext 傳遞集合的結尾，列舉值會放置在集合的最後一個專案後面，並 MoveNext 傳 false 回。當列舉值位於這個位置時，後續呼叫 MoveNext 也會傳回 false 。如果最後一 MoveNext 次呼叫傳 false 回， Current 則為未定義。若要再次將 Current 設定為集合的第一個元素，您可以在呼叫 Reset 之後，接著呼叫 MoveNext。

如果對集合進行變更，例如新增、修改或刪除專案，列舉值的行為就會未定義。

列舉程式沒有集合的獨佔存取權，因此，列舉集合內容本質上並不是安全的執行緒程序。若要確保列舉期間的執行緒安全性，您可以在整個列舉期間鎖定集合。若要讓多重執行緒能夠存取集合以便進行讀取和寫入，您必須實作自己的同步處理。

適用於

IEnumerable.GetEnumerator 方法

定義

傳回

範例

備註

適用於

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意見反應

其他資源