1
On your Taskbar on the right, click the up arrow, if you find the Defender icon on the resulting panel, drag it form thee onto your Taskbar.
2
If that was not the problem, open Task Manager (Ctrl + Shift + Esc).
Select the Startup Apps tab in Task Manager.
In the startup list do you see SecurityHealthSystray.exe and if so, is it enabled?
2
If that process is there and already enabled, open the Settings App.
Go to Personalization - Taskbar, then expand the 'Other System Tray Icons' section.
Is the Windows Security notification icon enabled in that list.