This is a confirmed Windows issue affecting Microsoft Defender Antivirus notifications.
After the latest Microsoft Defender Antivirus updates, Windows can incorrectly show "Microsoft Defender Antivirus is turned off" even when Defender is actually active and all settings show it as enabled. Microsoft states that Defender continues functioning correctly, and the notification can appear at startup and intermittently afterward. It can also continue even if notification settings are turned off.
For a Windows 11 system, this matches the currently documented known issue. There is no published fix yet. Microsoft is working on a resolution in a future Microsoft Defender Antivirus update.
If Windows Security shows Defender as on and active, the popup is currently considered a false notification rather than proof that protection is disabled.
If needed, the issue can be reported through the Feedback Hub app.
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