ok, final status-update:
we had opened a microsoft case to analyze this. root-cause was an error in the DHCP-server itself.
in the event-log of the dhcp server were the following entries:
Level: Error
Source: DHCP-Server
Event-ID: 20319
Task Category: Name Registration
General: Forward record registration for IPv4 address [IP-adress] and FQDN android-e3d9b053ff0d915a.fqdn.local failed with error 9560 (DNS name contains an invalid character.
according to the following KB-article:
after we fixed these DNS-entries / devices, the SCOM-error on the SCOM-management-server itself was gone too! it seems, that only these error-entries or incompatible characters in the hostname of the device were responsible for not accessing / gaining the requested informations of the DHCP-Log.
....that was a nasty one....