The password is changed on the local domain controller and the PDC is notified of the change. This article explains the password change process and how the PDC password change notification can be changed, to rely solely on AD replication.
You can use this post to confirm that the password has been replicated to all DCs, by confirming the meta time and version numbers are the same.
https://nettools.net/troubleshoot-account-lockouts/
Gary.