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How to: Create an Updatable Subscription to a Transactional Publication (Replication Transact-SQL Programming)

Note

This feature will be removed in a future version of Microsoft SQL Server. Avoid using this feature in new development work, and plan to modify applications that currently use this feature.

Transactional replication enables changes made at a Subscriber to be propagated back to the Publisher using either immediate or queued updating subscriptions. You can create an updating subscription programmatically using replication stored procedures.

To create an immediate updating pull subscription

  1. At the Publisher, verify that the publication supports immediate updating subscriptions by executing sp_helppublication.

  2. At the Publisher, verify that the publication supports pull subscriptions by executing sp_helppublication.

    • If the value of allow_pull in the result set is 1, the publication supports pull subscriptions.

    • If the value of allow_pull is 0, execute sp_changepublication, specifying allow_pull for @property and true for @value.

  3. At the Subscriber, execute sp_addpullsubscription. Specify @publisher and @publication, and one of the following values for @update_mode:

    • synctran - enables the subscription for immediate updating.

    • failover - enables the subscription for immediate updating with queued updating as a failover option.

      Note

      failover requires that the publication also be enabled for queued updating subscriptions.

  4. At the Subscriber, execute sp_addpullsubscription_agent. Specify the following:

    • The @publisher, @publisher_db, and @publication parameters.

    • The Microsoft Windows credentials under which the Distribution Agent at the Subscriber runs for @job_login and @job_password.

      Note

      Connections made using Windows Integrated Authentication are always made using the Windows credentials specified by @job_login and @job_password. The Distribution Agent always makes the local connection to the Subscriber using Windows Integrated Authentication. By default, the agent connects to the Distributor using Windows Integrated Authentication.

    • (Optional) A value of 0 for @distributor_security_mode and the Microsoft SQL Server login information for @distributor_login and @distributor_password, if you need to use SQL Server Authentication when connecting to the Distributor.

    • A schedule for the Distribution Agent job for this subscription. For more information, see How to: Specify Synchronization Schedules (Replication Transact-SQL Programming).

  5. At the Subscriber on the subscription database, execute sp_link_publication. Specify @publisher, @publication, the name of the publication database for @publisher_db, and one of the following values for @security_mode:

    • 0 - Use SQL Server Authentication when making updates at the Publisher. This option requires you to specify a valid login at the Publisher for @login and @password.

    • 1 - Use the security context of the user making changes at the Subscriber when connecting to the Publisher. See sp_link_publication for restrictions related to this security mode.

    • 2 - Use an existing, user-defined linked server login created using sp_addlinkedserver.

  6. At the publisher, execute sp_addsubscription specifying @publication, @subscriber, @destination_db, a value of pull for @subscription_type, and the same value specified in step 3 for @update_mode.

    This registers the pull subscription at the Publisher.

To create an immediate updating push subscription

  1. At the Publisher, verify that the publication supports immediate updating subscriptions by executing sp_helppublication.

  2. At the Publisher, verify that the publication supports push subscriptions by executing sp_helppublication.

    • If the value of allow_push in the result set is 1, the publication supports push subscriptions.

    • If the value of allow_push is 0, execute sp_changepublication, specifying allow_push for @property and true for @value.

  3. At the Publisher, execute sp_addsubscription. Specify @publication, @subscriber, @destination_db, and one of the following values for @update_mode:

    • synctran - enables support for immediate updating.

    • failover - enables support for immediate updating with queued updating as a failover option.

      Note

      failover requires that the publication also be enabled for queued updating subscriptions.

  4. At the Publisher, execute sp_addpushsubscription_agent. Specify the following parameters:

    • @subscriber, @subscriber_db, and @publication.

    • The Windows credentials under which the Distribution Agent at the Distributor runs for @job_login and @job_password.

      Note

      Connections made using Windows Integrated Authentication are always made using the Windows credentials specified by @job_login and @job_password. The Distribution Agent always makes the local connection to the Distributor using Windows Integrated Authentication. By default, the agent will connect to the Subscriber using Windows Integrated Authentication.

    • (Optional) A value of 0 for @subscriber_security_mode and the SQL Server login information for @subscriber_login and @subscriber_password, if you need to use SQL Server Authentication when connecting to the Subscriber.

    • A schedule for the Distribution Agent job for this subscription. For more information, see How to: Specify Synchronization Schedules (Replication Transact-SQL Programming).

  5. At the Subscriber on the subscription database, execute sp_link_publication. Specify @publisher, @publication, the name of the publication database for @publisher_db, and one of the following values for @security_mode:

    • 0 - Use SQL Server Authentication when making updates at the Publisher. This option requires you to specify a valid login at the Publisher for @login and @password.

    • 1 - Use the security context of the user making changes at the Subscriber when connecting to the Publisher. See sp_link_publication for restrictions related to this security mode.

    • 2 - Use an existing, user-defined linked server login created using sp_addlinkedserver.

To create a queued updating pull subscription

  1. At the Publisher, verify that the publication supports queued updating subscriptions by executing sp_helppublication.

  2. At the Publisher, verify that the publication supports pull subscriptions by executing sp_helppublication.

    • If the value of allow_pull in the result set is 1, the publication supports pull subscriptions.

    • If the value of allow_pull is 0, execute sp_changepublication, specifying allow_pull for @property and true for @value.

  3. At the Subscriber, execute sp_addpullsubscription. Specify @publisher and @publication, and one of the following values for @update_mode:

    • queued tran - enables the subscription for queued updating.

    • queued failover - enables support for queued updating with immediate updating as a failover option.

      Note

      queued failover requires that the publication also be enabled for immediate updating subscriptions. To fail over to immediate updating, you must use sp_link_publication to define the credentials under which changes at the Subscriber are replicated to the Publisher.

  4. At the Subscriber, execute sp_addpullsubscription_agent. Specify the following parameters:

    • @publisher, @publisher_db, and @publication.

    • The Windows credentials under which the Distribution Agent at the Subscriber runs for @job_login and @job_password.

      Note

      Connections made using Windows Integrated Authentication are always made using the Windows credentials specified by @job_login and @job_password. The Distribution Agent always makes the local connection to the Subscriber using Windows Integrated Authentication. By default, the agent connects to the Distributor using Windows Integrated Authentication.

    • (Optional) A value of 0 for @distributor_security_mode and the SQL Server login information for @distributor_login and @distributor_password, if you need to use SQL Server Authentication when connecting to the Distributor.

    • A schedule for the Distribution Agent job for this subscription. For more information, see How to: Specify Synchronization Schedules (Replication Transact-SQL Programming).

  5. At the publisher, execute sp_addsubscriber (Transact-SQL) to register the Subscriber at the Publisher.

    At the publisher, execute sp_addsubscription specifying @publication, @subscriber, @destination_db, a value of pull for @subscription_type, and the same value specified in step 3 for @update_mode.

    This registers the pull subscription at the Publisher.

To create a queued updating push subscription

  1. At the Publisher, verify that the publication supports queued updating subscriptions by executing sp_helppublication.

  2. At the Publisher, verify that the publication supports push subscriptions by executing sp_helppublication.

    • If the value of allow_push in the result set is 1, the publication supports push subscriptions.

    • If the value of allow_push is 0, execute sp_changepublication, specifying allow_push for @property and true for @value.

  3. At the Publisher, execute sp_addsubscription. Specify @publication, @subscriber, @destination_db, and one of the following values for @update_mode:

    • queued tran - enables the subscription for queued updating.

    • queued failover - enables support for queued updating with immediate updating as a failover option.

      Note

      The queued failover option requires that the publication also be enabled for immediate updating subscriptions. To fail over to immediate updating, you must use sp_link_publication to define the credentials under which changes at the Subscriber are replicated to the Publisher.

  4. At the Publisher, execute sp_addpushsubscription_agent. Specify the following parameters:

    • @subscriber, @subscriber_db, and @publication.

    • The Windows credentials under which the Distribution Agent at the Distributor runs for @job_login and @job_password.

      Note

      Connections made using Windows Integrated Authentication are always made using the Windows credentials specified by @job_login and @job_password. The Distribution Agent always makes the local connection to the Distributor using Windows Integrated Authentication. By default, the agent connects to the Subscriber using Windows Integrated Authentication.

    • (Optional) A value of 0 for @subscriber_security_mode and the SQL Server login information for @subscriber_login and @subscriber_password, if you need to use SQL Server Authentication when connecting to the Subscriber.

    • A schedule for the Distribution Agent job for this subscription. For more information, see How to: Specify Synchronization Schedules (Replication Transact-SQL Programming).

Example

This example creates an immediate updating pull subscription to a publication that supports immediate updating subscriptions. Login and password values are supplied at runtime using sqlcmd scripting variables.

-- This script uses sqlcmd scripting variables. They are in the form
-- $(MyVariable). For information about how to use scripting variables  
-- on the command line and in SQL Server Management Studio, see the 
-- "Executing Replication Scripts" section in the topic
-- "Programming Replication Using System Stored Procedures".

-- Execute this batch at the Subscriber.
DECLARE @publication AS sysname;
DECLARE @publicationDB AS sysname;
DECLARE @publisher AS sysname;
DECLARE @login AS sysname;
DECLARE @password AS nvarchar(512);
SET @publication = N'AdvWorksProductTran';
SET @publicationDB = N'AdventureWorks';
SET @publisher = $(PubServer);
SET @login = $(Login);
SET @password = $(Password);

-- At the subscription database, create a pull subscription to a transactional 
-- publication using immediate updating with queued updating as a failover.
EXEC sp_addpullsubscription 
    @publisher = @publisher, 
    @publication = @publication, 
    @publisher_db = @publicationDB, 
    @update_mode = N'failover', 
    @subscription_type = N'pull';

-- Add an agent job to synchronize the pull subscription, 
-- which uses Windows Authentication when connecting to the Distributor.
EXEC sp_addpullsubscription_agent 
    @publisher = @publisher, 
    @publisher_db = @publicationDB, 
    @publication = @publication,
    @job_login = @login,
    @job_password = @password; 

-- Add a Windows Authentication-based linked server that enables the 
-- Subscriber-side triggers to make updates at the Publisher. 
EXEC sp_link_publication 
    @publisher = @publisher, 
    @publication = @publication,
    @publisher_db = @publicationDB, 
    @security_mode = 0,
    @login = @login,
    @password = @password;
GO

USE AdventureWorks
GO

-- Execute this batch at the Publisher.
DECLARE @publication AS sysname;
DECLARE @subscriptionDB AS sysname;
DECLARE @subscriber AS sysname;
SET @publication = N'AdvWorksProductTran'; 
SET @subscriptionDB = N'AdventureWorksReplica'; 
SET @subscriber = $(SubServer);

-- At the Publisher, register the subscription, using the defaults.
USE [AdventureWorks]
EXEC sp_addsubscription 
    @publication = @publication, 
    @subscriber = @subscriber, 
    @destination_db = @subscriptionDB, 
    @subscription_type = N'pull', 
    @update_mode = N'failover';
GO