sys.database_permissions (Transact-SQL)

Returns a row for every permission or column-exception permission in the database. For columns, there is a row for every permission that is different from the corresponding object-level permission. If the column permission is the same as the corresponding object permission, there will be no row for it and the actual permission used will be that of the object.

Important

Column-level permissions override object-level permissions on the same entity.

Column name	Data type	Description
class	tinyint	Identifies class on which permission exists. 0 = Database 1 = Object or Column 3 = Schema 4 = Database Principal 5 = Assembly 6 = Type 10 = XML Schema Collection 15 = Message Type 16 = Service Contract 17 = Service 18 = Remote Service Binding 19 = Route 23 = Full-Text Catalog 24 = Symmetric Key 25 = Certificate 26 = Asymmetric Key
class_desc	nvarchar(60)	Description of class on which permission exists. DATABASE OBJECT_OR_COLUMN SCHEMA DATABASE_PRINCIPAL ASSEMBLY TYPE XML_SCHEMA_COLLECTION MESSAGE_TYPE SERVICE_CONTRACT SERVICE REMOTE_SERVICE_BINDING ROUTE FULLTEXT_CATALOG SYMMETRIC_KEY CERTIFICATE ASYMMETRIC_KEY
major_id	int	ID of thing on which permission exists, interpreted according to class. For most, this is simply the kind of ID that applies to what the class represents. Interpretation for nonstandard is as follows: 0 = Always 0 1 = Object-ID Negative IDs are assigned to system objects.
minor_id	int	Secondary-ID of thing on which permission exists, interpreted according to class. For most, this is zero. Otherwise, it is the following: 1 = Column-ID if a column. Otherwise, it is 0 if an object.
grantee_principal_id	int	Database principal ID to which the permissions are granted.
grantor_principal_id	int	Database principal ID of the grantor of these permissions.
type	char(4)	Database permission type. For a list of permission types, see the next table.
permission_name	nvarchar(128)	Permission name.
state	char(1)	Permission state: D = Deny R = Revoke G = Grant W = Grant With Grant Option
state_desc	nvarchar(60)	Description of permission state: DENY REVOKE GRANT GRANT_WITH_GRANT_OPTION

Permission type	Permission name	Applies to securable
AL	ALTER	APPLICATION ROLE, ASSEMBLY, ASYMMETRIC KEY, CERTIFICATE, CONTRACT, DATABASE, FULLTEXT CATALOG, MESSAGE TYPE, OBJECT, REMOTE SERVICE BINDING, ROLE, ROUTE, SCHEMA, SERVICE, SYMMETRIC KEY, USER, XML SCHEMA COLLECTION
ALAK	ALTER ANY ASYMMETRIC KEY	DATABASE
ALAR	ALTER ANY APPLICATION ROLE	DATABASE
ALAS	ALTER ANY ASSEMBLY	DATABASE
ALCF	ALTER ANY CERTIFICATE	DATABASE
ALDS	ALTER ANY DATASPACE	DATABASE
ALED	ALTER ANY DATABASE EVENT NOTIFICATION	DATABASE
ALFT	ALTER ANY FULLTEXT CATALOG	DATABASE
ALMT	ALTER ANY MESSAGE TYPE	DATABASE
ALRL	ALTER ANY ROLE	DATABASE
ALRT	ALTER ANY ROUTE	DATABASE
ALSB	ALTER ANY REMOTE SERVICE BINDING	DATABASE
ALSC	ALTER ANY CONTRACT	DATABASE
ALSK	ALTER ANY SYMMETRIC KEY	DATABASE
ALSM	ALTER ANY SCHEMA	DATABASE
ALSV	ALTER ANY SERVICE	DATABASE
ALTG	ALTER ANY DATABASE DDL TRIGGER	DATABASE
ALUS	ALTER ANY USER	DATABASE
AUTH	AUTHENTICATE	DATABASE
BADB	BACKUP DATABASE	DATABASE
BALO	BACKUP LOG	DATABASE
CL	CONTROL	APPLICATION ROLE, ASSEMBLY, ASYMMETRIC KEY, CERTIFICATE, CONTRACT, DATABASE, FULLTEXT CATALOG, MESSAGE TYPE, OBJECT, REMOTE SERVICE BINDING, ROLE, ROUTE, SCHEMA, SERVICE, SYMMETRIC KEY, TYPE, USER, XML SCHEMA COLLECTION
CO	CONNECT	DATABASE
CORP	CONNECT REPLICATION	DATABASE
CP	CHECKPOINT	DATABASE
CRAG	CREATE AGGREGATE	DATABASE
CRAK	CREATE ASYMMETRIC KEY	DATABASE
CRAS	CREATE ASSEMBLY	DATABASE
CRCF	CREATE CERTIFICATE	DATABASE
CRDB	CREATE DATABASE	DATABASE
CRDF	CREATE DEFAULT	DATABASE
CRED	CREATE DATABASE DDL EVENT NOTIFICATION	DATABASE
CRFN	CREATE FUNCTION	DATABASE
CRFT	CREATE FULLTEXT CATALOG	DATABASE
CRMT	CREATE MESSAGE TYPE	DATABASE
CRPR	CREATE PROCEDURE	DATABASE
CRQU	CREATE QUEUE	DATABASE
CRRL	CREATE ROLE	DATABASE
CRRT	CREATE ROUTE	DATABASE
CRRU	CREATE RULE	DATABASE
CRSB	CREATE REMOTE SERVICE BINDING	DATABASE
CRSC	CREATE CONTRACT	DATABASE
CRSK	CREATE SYMMETRIC KEY	DATABASE
CRSM	CREATE SCHEMA	DATABASE
CRSN	CREATE SYNONYM	DATABASE
CRSO	CREATE SEQUENCE	DATABASE
CRSV	CREATE SERVICE	DATABASE
CRTB	CREATE TABLE	DATABASE
CRTY	CREATE TYPE	DATABASE
CRVW	CREATE VIEW	DATABASE
CRXS	CREATE XML SCHEMA COLLECTION	DATABASE
DL	DELETE	DATABASE, OBJECT, SCHEMA
EX	EXECUTE	ASSEMBLY, DATABASE, OBJECT, SCHEMA, TYPE, XML SCHEMA COLLECTION
IM	IMPERSONATE	USER
IN	INSERT	DATABASE, OBJECT, SCHEMA
RC	RECEIVE	OBJECT
RF	REFERENCES	ASSEMBLY, ASYMMETRIC KEY, CERTIFICATE, CONTRACT, DATABASE, FULLTEXT CATALOG, MESSAGE TYPE, OBJECT, SCHEMA, SYMMETRIC KEY, TYPE, XML SCHEMA COLLECTION
SL	SELECT	DATABASE, OBJECT, SCHEMA
SN	SEND	SERVICE
SPLN	SHOWPLAN	DATABASE
SUQN	SUBSCRIBE QUERY NOTIFICATIONS	DATABASE
TO	TAKE OWNERSHIP	ASSEMBLY, ASYMMETRIC KEY, CERTIFICATE, CONTRACT, DATABASE, FULLTEXT CATALOG, MESSAGE TYPE, OBJECT, REMOTE SERVICE BINDING, ROLE, ROUTE, SCHEMA, SERVICE, SYMMETRIC KEY, TYPE, XML SCHEMA COLLECTION
UP	UPDATE	DATABASE, OBJECT, SCHEMA
VW	VIEW DEFINITION	APPLICATION ROLE, ASSEMBLY, ASYMMETRIC KEY, CERTIFICATE, CONTRACT, DATABASE, FULLTEXT CATALOG, MESSAGE TYPE, OBJECT, REMOTE SERVICE BINDING, ROLE, ROUTE, SCHEMA, SERVICE, SYMMETRIC KEY, TYPE, USER, XML SCHEMA COLLECTION
VWCT	VIEW CHANGE TRACKING	TABLE, SCHEMA
VWDS	VIEW DATABASE STATE	DATABASE

Permissions

Any user can see their own permissions. To see permissions for other users, requires VIEW DEFINITION, ALTER ANY USER, or any permission on a user. To see user-defined roles, requires ALTER ANY ROLE, or membership in the role (such as public).

The visibility of the metadata in catalog views is limited to securables that a user either owns or on which the user has been granted some permission. For more information, see Metadata Visibility Configuration.

Examples

A: Listing all the permissions of database principals

The following query lists the permissions explicitly granted or denied to database principals.

Important

The permissions of fixed database roles do not appear in sys.database_permissions. Therefore, database principals may have additional permissions not listed here.

SELECT pr.principal_id, pr.name, pr.type_desc, 
    pr.authentication_type_desc, pe.state_desc, pe.permission_name
FROM sys.database_principals AS pr
JOIN sys.database_permissions AS pe
    ON pe.grantee_principal_id = pr.principal_id;

B: Listing permissions on schema objects within a database

The following query joins sys.database_principals and sys.database_permissions to sys.objects and sys.schemas to list permissions granted or denied to specific schema objects.

SELECT pr.principal_id, pr.name, pr.type_desc, 
    pr.authentication_type_desc, pe.state_desc, 
    pe.permission_name, s.name + '.' + o.name AS ObjectName
FROM sys.database_principals AS pr
JOIN sys.database_permissions AS pe
    ON pe.grantee_principal_id = pr.principal_id
JOIN sys.objects AS o
    ON pe.major_id = o.object_id
JOIN sys.schemas AS s
    ON o.schema_id = s.schema_id;

See Also

Reference

Security Catalog Views (Transact-SQL)

Catalog Views (Transact-SQL)

Concepts

Securables

Permissions Hierarchy (Database Engine)