How to: Compare Claims
The Identity Model infrastructure in Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) is used to perform authorization checking. As such, a common task is to compare claims in the authorization context to the claims required to perform the requested action or access the requested resource. This topic describes how to compare claims, including built-in and custom claim types. For more information about the Identity Model infrastructure, see Managing Claims and Authorization with the Identity Model.
Claim comparison involves comparing the three parts of a claim (type, right, and resource) against the same parts in another claim to see if they are equal. See the following example.
Claim c1 = Claim.CreateNameClaim("someone");
Claim c2 = Claim.CreateNameClaim("someone");
Dim c1 As Claim = Claim.CreateNameClaim("someone")
Dim c2 As Claim = Claim.CreateNameClaim("someone")
Both claims have a claim type of Name, a right of PossessProperty, and a resource of the string "someone". As all three parts of the claim are equal, the claims themselves are equal.
The built-in claim types are compared using the Equals method. Claim-specific comparison code is used where necessary. For example, given the following two user principal name (UPN) claims, the comparison code in the Equals method returns true, assuming example\someone identifies the same domain user as someone@example.com.
Claim c1 = Claim.CreateUpnClaim("someone@example.com");
Claim c2 = Claim.CreateUpnClaim("example\\someone");
Dim c1 As Claim = Claim.CreateUpnClaim("someone@example.com")
Dim c2 As Claim = Claim.CreateUpnClaim("example\someone")
Custom claim types can also be compared using the Equals method. However, in cases where the type returned by the Resource property of the claim is something other than a primitive type, the Equals returns true only if the values returned by the Resource properties are equal according to the Equals method. In cases where this is not appropriate, the custom type returned by the Resource property should override the Equals and GetHashCode methods to perform whatever custom processing is necessary.
Comparing built-in claims
Given two instances of the Claim class, use the Equals to make the comparison, as shown in the following code.
public bool CompareTwoClaims(Claim c1, Claim c2) { return c1.Equals(c2); }Public Function CompareTwoClaims(ByVal c1 As Claim, ByVal c2 As Claim) As Boolean Return c1.Equals(c2) End Function
Comparing custom claims with primitive resource types
For custom claims with primitive resource types, comparison can be performed as for built-in claims, as shown in the following code.
public bool CompareTwoClaims(Claim c1, Claim c2) { return c1.Equals(c2); }Public Function CompareTwoClaims(ByVal c1 As Claim, _ ByVal c2 As Claim) As Boolean Return c1.Equals(c2) End FunctionFor custom claims with structure or class based resource types, the resource type should override the Equals method.
First check whether the
objparameter isnull, and if so, returnfalse.if (obj == null) return false;If obj Is Nothing Then Return FalseNext call ReferenceEquals and pass
thisandobjas parameters. If it returnstrue, then returntrue.if (ReferenceEquals(this, obj)) return true;If ReferenceEquals(Me, obj) Then Return TrueNext attempt to assign
objto a local variable of the class type. If this fails, the reference isnull. In such cases, returnfalse.Perform the custom comparison necessary to correctly compare the current claim to the provided claim.
Example
The following example shows a comparison of custom claims where the claim resource is a non-primitive type.
using System;
using System.IdentityModel.Claims;
namespace Samples
{
public sealed class MyResourceType
{
// private members
private string text;
private int number;
// Constructors
public MyResourceType()
{
}
public MyResourceType(string text, int number)
{
this.text = text;
this.number = number;
}
// Public properties
public string Text { get { return this.text; } }
public int Number { get { return this.number; } }
// Override Object.Equals to perform specific comparison
public override bool Equals(Object obj)
{
// If the object we're being asked to compare ourselves to is null
// then return false
if (obj == null)
return false;
// If the object we're being asked to compare ourselves to is us
// then return true
if (ReferenceEquals(this, obj))
return true;
// Try to convert the object we're being asked to compare ourselves to
// into an instance of MyResourceType
MyResourceType rhs = obj as MyResourceType;
// If the object we're being asked to compare ourselves to
// isn't an instance of MyResourceType then return false
if (rhs == null)
return false;
// Return true if our members are the same as those of the object
// we're being asked to compare ourselves to. Otherwise return false
return (this.text == rhs.text && this.number == rhs.number);
}
public override int GetHashCode()
{
return (this.text.GetHashCode() ^ this.number.GetHashCode());
}
}
class Program
{
public static void Main()
{
// Create two claims
Claim c1 = new Claim("http://example.org/claims/mycustomclaim",
new MyResourceType("Martin", 38), Rights.PossessProperty);
Claim c2 = new Claim("http://example.org/claims/mycustomclaim",
new MyResourceType("Martin", 38), Rights.PossessProperty);
// Compare the claims
if (c1.Equals(c2))
Console.WriteLine("Claims are equal");
else
Console.WriteLine("Claims are not equal");
}
}
}
Imports System.IdentityModel.Claims
Imports System.Security.Permissions
NotInheritable Public Class MyResourceType
' private members
Private textValue As String
Private numberValue As Integer
' Constructors
Public Sub New()
End Sub
Public Sub New(ByVal textVal As String, ByVal numberValue As Integer)
Me.textValue = textVal
Me.numberValue = numberValue
End Sub
' Public properties
Public ReadOnly Property Text() As String
Get
Return Me.textValue
End Get
End Property
Public ReadOnly Property Number() As Integer
Get
Return Me.numberValue
End Get
End Property
' Override Object.Equals to perform a specific comparison.
Public Overrides Function Equals(ByVal obj As [Object]) As Boolean
' If the object being compared to is null then return false.
If obj Is Nothing Then
Return False
End If
' If the object we are being asked to compare ourselves to is us
' then return true.
If ReferenceEquals(Me, obj) Then
Return True
End If
' Try to convert the object we are being asked to compare ourselves to
' into an instance of MyResourceType.
Dim rhs As MyResourceType = CType(obj, MyResourceType)
' If the object being compared to is not an instance of
' MyResourceType then return false.
If rhs Is Nothing Then
Return False
End If
' Return true if members are the same as those of the object
' being asked to compare to; otherwise, return false.
Return Me.textValue = rhs.textValue AndAlso Me.numberValue = rhs.numberValue
End Function
Public Overrides Function GetHashCode() As Integer
Return Me.textValue.GetHashCode() ^ Me.numberValue.GetHashCode()
End Function
End Class
Class Program
Public Shared Sub Main()
' Create two claims.
Dim c1 As New Claim("http://example.org/claims/mycustomclaim", _
New MyResourceType("Martin", 38), Rights.PossessProperty)
Dim c2 As New Claim("http://example.org/claims/mycustomclaim", _
New MyResourceType("Martin", 38), Rights.PossessProperty)
' Compare the claims.
If c1.Equals(c2) Then
Console.WriteLine("Claims are equal")
Else
Console.WriteLine("Claims are not equal")
End If
End Sub
End Class