Vorgehensweise: Binden von Daten an das MaskedTextBox-Steuerelement
Sie können Daten genauso wie an andere Windows Forms-Steuerelemente an ein MaskedTextBox-Steuerelement binden. Wenn das Format der Daten in der Datenbank nicht mit dem von der Maskendefinition erwarteten Format übereinstimmt, müssen Sie die Daten jedoch neu formatieren. In der folgenden Prozedur wird veranschaulicht, wie Sie dies mit den Ereignissen Format und Parse der Binding-Klasse erledigen, um getrennte Datenbankfelder für Telefonnummer und Durchwahl als einzelnes bearbeitbares Feld anzuzeigen.
In der folgenden Prozedur müssen Sie Zugriff auf eine SQL Server-Datenbank mit der installierten Northwind-Beispieldatenbank haben.
So binden Sie Daten an das MaskedTextBox-Steuerelement
Erstellen Sie ein neues Windows Forms-Projekt.
Ziehen Sie zwei TextBox-Steuerelemente in Ihr Formular, und benennen Sie diese
FirstName
undLastName
.Ziehen Sie ein MaskedTextBox-Steuerelement in das Formular, und benennen Sie es
PhoneMask
.Legen Sie die Mask-Eigenschaft von
PhoneMask
auf(000) 000-0000 x9999
fest.Fügen Sie dem Formular die folgenden Namespaceimporte hinzu.
using System.Data.SqlClient;
Imports System.Data.SqlClient
Klicken Sie mit der rechten Maustaste in das Formular, und wählen Sie Code anzeigen aus. Fügen Sie diesen Code an einer beliebigen Stelle in Ihrer Formularklasse ein.
Binding currentBinding, phoneBinding; DataSet employeesTable = new DataSet(); SqlConnection sc; SqlDataAdapter dataConnect; private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { DoMaskBinding(); } private void DoMaskBinding() { try { sc = new SqlConnection("Data Source=CLIENTUE;Initial Catalog=NORTHWIND;Integrated Security=SSPI"); sc.Open(); } catch (Exception ex) { MessageBox.Show(ex.Message); return; } dataConnect = new SqlDataAdapter("SELECT * FROM Employees", sc); dataConnect.Fill(employeesTable, "Employees"); // Now bind MaskedTextBox to appropriate field. Note that we must create the Binding objects // before adding them to the control - otherwise, we won't get a Format event on the // initial load. try { currentBinding = new Binding("Text", employeesTable, "Employees.FirstName"); firstName.DataBindings.Add(currentBinding); currentBinding = new Binding("Text", employeesTable, "Employees.LastName"); lastName.DataBindings.Add(currentBinding); phoneBinding =new Binding("Text", employeesTable, "Employees.HomePhone"); // We must add the event handlers before we bind, or the Format event will not get called // for the first record. phoneBinding.Format += new ConvertEventHandler(phoneBinding_Format); phoneBinding.Parse += new ConvertEventHandler(phoneBinding_Parse); phoneMask.DataBindings.Add(phoneBinding); } catch (Exception ex) { MessageBox.Show(ex.Message); return; } }
Dim WithEvents CurrentBinding, PhoneBinding As Binding Dim EmployeesTable As New DataSet() Dim sc As SqlConnection Dim DataConnect As SqlDataAdapter Private Sub Form1_Load(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load DoMaskedBinding() End Sub Private Sub DoMaskedBinding() Try sc = New SqlConnection("Data Source=SERVERNAME;Initial Catalog=NORTHWIND;Integrated Security=SSPI") sc.Open() Catch ex As Exception MessageBox.Show(ex.Message) Exit Sub End Try DataConnect = New SqlDataAdapter("SELECT * FROM Employees", sc) DataConnect.Fill(EmployeesTable, "Employees") ' Now bind MaskedTextBox to appropriate field. Note that we must create the Binding objects ' before adding them to the control - otherwise, we won't get a Format event on the ' initial load. Try CurrentBinding = New Binding("Text", EmployeesTable, "Employees.FirstName") firstName.DataBindings.Add(CurrentBinding) CurrentBinding = New Binding("Text", EmployeesTable, "Employees.LastName") lastName.DataBindings.Add(CurrentBinding) PhoneBinding = New Binding("Text", EmployeesTable, "Employees.HomePhone") PhoneMask.DataBindings.Add(PhoneBinding) Catch ex As Exception MessageBox.Show(ex.Message) Application.Exit() End Try End Sub
Fügen Sie Ereignishandler für die Ereignisse Format und Parse hinzu, um die Felder
PhoneNumber
undExtension
aus dem gebundenen DataSet zu kombinieren und zu trennen.private void phoneBinding_Format(Object sender, ConvertEventArgs e) { String ext; DataRowView currentRow = (DataRowView)BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"].Current; if (currentRow["Extension"] == null) { ext = ""; } else { ext = currentRow["Extension"].ToString(); } e.Value = e.Value.ToString().Trim() + " x" + ext; } private void phoneBinding_Parse(Object sender, ConvertEventArgs e) { String phoneNumberAndExt = e.Value.ToString(); int extIndex = phoneNumberAndExt.IndexOf("x"); String ext = phoneNumberAndExt.Substring(extIndex).Trim(); String phoneNumber = phoneNumberAndExt.Substring(0, extIndex).Trim(); //Get the current binding object, and set the new extension manually. DataRowView currentRow = (DataRowView)BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"].Current; // Remove the "x" from the extension. currentRow["Extension"] = ext.Substring(1); //Return the phone number. e.Value = phoneNumber; }
Private Sub PhoneBinding_Format(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As ConvertEventArgs) Handles PhoneBinding.Format Dim Ext As String Dim CurrentRow As DataRowView = CType(Me.BindingContext(EmployeesTable, "Employees").Current, DataRowView) If (CurrentRow("Extension") Is Nothing) Then Ext = "" Else Ext = CurrentRow("Extension").ToString() End If e.Value = e.Value.ToString().Trim() & " x" & Ext End Sub Private Sub PhoneBinding_Parse(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As ConvertEventArgs) Handles PhoneBinding.Parse Dim PhoneNumberAndExt As String = e.Value.ToString() Dim ExtIndex As Integer = PhoneNumberAndExt.IndexOf("x") Dim Ext As String = PhoneNumberAndExt.Substring(ExtIndex).Trim() Dim PhoneNumber As String = PhoneNumberAndExt.Substring(0, ExtIndex).Trim() ' Get the current binding object, and set the new extension manually. Dim CurrentRow As DataRowView = CType(Me.BindingContext(EmployeesTable, "Employees").Current, DataRowView) ' Remove the "x" from the extension. CurrentRow("Extension") = CObj(Ext.Substring(1)) ' Return the phone number. e.Value = PhoneNumber End Sub
Fügen Sie dem Formular zwei Button-Steuerelemente hinzu. Nennen Sie sie
previousButton
undnextButton
. Doppelklicken Sie auf jede Schaltfläche, um einen Click-Ereignishandler hinzuzufügen, und tragen Sie wie im folgenden Codebeispiel gezeigt die Ereignishandler ein.private void previousButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"].Position = BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"].Position - 1; } private void nextButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"].Position = BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"].Position + 1; }
Private Sub PreviousButton_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles PreviousButton.Click Me.BindingContext(EmployeesTable, "Employees").Position = Me.BindingContext(EmployeesTable, "Employees").Position - 1 End Sub Private Sub NextButton_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles NextButton.Click Me.BindingContext(EmployeesTable, "Employees").Position = Me.BindingContext(EmployeesTable, "Employees").Position + 1 End Sub
Führen Sie das Beispiel aus. Bearbeiten Sie die Daten, und verwenden Sie die Schaltflächen Zurück und Weiter, um festzustellen, ob die Daten ordnungsgemäß im DataSet gespeichert werden.
Beispiel
Das folgende Codebeispiel ist das vollständige Codelisting, das aus der obigen Prozedur resultiert.
#pragma region Using directives
#using <System.dll>
#using <System.Data.dll>
#using <System.Drawing.dll>
#using <System.Windows.Forms.dll>
#using <System.Xml.dll>
#using <System.EnterpriseServices.dll>
#using <System.Transactions.dll>
using namespace System;
using namespace System::Collections::Generic;
using namespace System::ComponentModel;
using namespace System::Data;
using namespace System::Drawing;
using namespace System::Windows::Forms;
using namespace System::Data::SqlClient;
#pragma endregion
namespace MaskedTextBoxDataCSharp
{
public ref class Form1 : public Form
{
/// <summary>
/// Required designer variable.
/// </summary>
private:
System::ComponentModel::IContainer^ components;
public:
Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
/// <summary>
/// Clean up any resources being used.
/// </summary>
protected:
~Form1()
{
if (components != nullptr)
{
delete components;
}
}
#pragma region Windows Form Designer generated code
/// <summary>
/// Required method for Designer support - do not modify
/// the contents of this method with the code editor.
/// </summary>
private:
void InitializeComponent()
{
employeesTable = gcnew DataSet();
components = nullptr;
this->firstName = gcnew System::Windows::Forms::TextBox();
this->lastName = gcnew System::Windows::Forms::TextBox();
this->phoneMask = gcnew System::Windows::Forms::MaskedTextBox();
this->previousButton = gcnew System::Windows::Forms::Button();
this->nextButton = gcnew System::Windows::Forms::Button();
this->SuspendLayout();
//
// firstName
//
this->firstName->Location = System::Drawing::Point(13, 14);
this->firstName->Name = "firstName";
this->firstName->Size = System::Drawing::Size(184, 20);
this->firstName->TabIndex = 0;
//
// lastName
//
this->lastName->Location = System::Drawing::Point(204, 14);
this->lastName->Name = "lastName";
this->lastName->Size = System::Drawing::Size(184, 20);
this->lastName->TabIndex = 1;
//
// phoneMask
//
this->phoneMask->Location = System::Drawing::Point(441, 14);
this->phoneMask->Mask = "(009) 000-0000 x9999";
this->phoneMask->Name = "phoneMask";
this->phoneMask->Size = System::Drawing::Size(169, 20);
this->phoneMask->TabIndex = 2;
//
// previousButton
//
this->previousButton->Location = System::Drawing::Point(630, 14);
this->previousButton->Name = "previousButton";
this->previousButton->TabIndex = 3;
this->previousButton->Text = "Previous";
this->previousButton->Click += gcnew System::EventHandler(this,&Form1::previousButton_Click);
//
// nextButton
//
this->nextButton->Location = System::Drawing::Point(723, 14);
this->nextButton->Name = "nextButton";
this->nextButton->TabIndex = 4;
this->nextButton->Text = "Next";
this->nextButton->Click += gcnew System::EventHandler(this,&Form1::nextButton_Click);
//
// Form1
//
this->AutoScaleBaseSize = System::Drawing::Size(5, 13);
this->ClientSize = System::Drawing::Size(887, 46);
this->Controls->Add(this->nextButton);
this->Controls->Add(this->previousButton);
this->Controls->Add(this->phoneMask);
this->Controls->Add(this->lastName);
this->Controls->Add(this->firstName);
this->Name = "Form1";
this->Text = "Form1";
this->Load += gcnew System::EventHandler(this,&Form1::Form1_Load);
this->ResumeLayout(false);
this->PerformLayout();
}
#pragma endregion
private:
System::Windows::Forms::TextBox^ firstName;
System::Windows::Forms::TextBox^ lastName;
System::Windows::Forms::MaskedTextBox^ phoneMask;
System::Windows::Forms::Button^ previousButton;
System::Windows::Forms::Button^ nextButton;
private:
Binding^ currentBinding;
Binding^ phoneBinding;
DataSet^ employeesTable;
SqlConnection^ sc;
SqlDataAdapter^ dataConnect;
private:
void Form1_Load(Object^ sender, EventArgs^ e)
{
DoMaskBinding();
}
private:
void DoMaskBinding()
{
try
{
sc = gcnew SqlConnection("Data Source=localhost;" +
"Initial Catalog=NORTHWIND;Integrated Security=SSPI");
sc->Open();
}
catch (Exception^ ex)
{
MessageBox::Show(ex->Message);
return;
}
dataConnect = gcnew SqlDataAdapter("SELECT * FROM Employees", sc);
dataConnect->Fill(employeesTable, "Employees");
// Now bind MaskedTextBox to appropriate field. Note that we must
// create the Binding objects before adding them to the control -
// otherwise, we won't get a Format event on the initial load.
try
{
currentBinding = gcnew Binding("Text", employeesTable,
"Employees.FirstName");
firstName->DataBindings->Add(currentBinding);
currentBinding = gcnew Binding("Text", employeesTable,
"Employees.LastName");
lastName->DataBindings->Add(currentBinding);
phoneBinding = gcnew Binding("Text", employeesTable,
"Employees.HomePhone");
// We must add the event handlers before we bind, or the
// Format event will not get called for the first record.
phoneBinding->Format += gcnew
ConvertEventHandler(this, &Form1::phoneBinding_Format);
phoneBinding->Parse += gcnew
ConvertEventHandler(this, &Form1::phoneBinding_Parse);
phoneMask->DataBindings->Add(phoneBinding);
}
catch (Exception^ ex)
{
MessageBox::Show(ex->Message);
return;
}
}
private:
void phoneBinding_Format(Object^ sender, ConvertEventArgs^ e)
{
String^ ext;
DataRowView^ currentRow = (DataRowView^) BindingContext[
employeesTable, "Employees"]->Current;
if (currentRow["Extension"] == nullptr)
{
ext = "";
}
else
{
ext = currentRow["Extension"]->ToString();
}
e->Value = e->Value->ToString()->Trim() + " x" + ext;
}
private:
void phoneBinding_Parse(Object^ sender, ConvertEventArgs^ e)
{
String^ phoneNumberAndExt = e->Value->ToString();
int extIndex = phoneNumberAndExt->IndexOf("x");
String^ ext = phoneNumberAndExt->Substring(extIndex)->Trim();
String^ phoneNumber =
phoneNumberAndExt->Substring(0, extIndex)->Trim();
//Get the current binding object, and set the new extension
//manually.
DataRowView^ currentRow =
(DataRowView^ ) BindingContext[employeesTable,
"Employees"]->Current;
// Remove the "x" from the extension.
currentRow["Extension"] = ext->Substring(1);
//Return the phone number.
e->Value = phoneNumber;
}
private:
void previousButton_Click(Object^ sender, EventArgs^ e)
{
BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"]->Position =
BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"]->Position - 1;
}
private:
void nextButton_Click(Object^ sender, EventArgs^ e)
{
BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"]->Position =
BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"]->Position + 1;
}
};
}
[STAThread]
int main()
{
Application::EnableVisualStyles();
Application::Run(gcnew MaskedTextBoxDataCSharp::Form1());
}
#region Using directives
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
#endregion
namespace MaskedTextBoxDataCSharp
{
partial class Form1 : Form
{
Binding currentBinding, phoneBinding;
DataSet employeesTable = new DataSet();
SqlConnection sc;
SqlDataAdapter dataConnect;
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
DoMaskBinding();
}
private void DoMaskBinding()
{
try
{
sc = new SqlConnection("Data Source=localhost;Initial Catalog=NORTHWIND;Integrated Security=SSPI");
sc.Open();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
return;
}
dataConnect = new SqlDataAdapter("SELECT * FROM Employees", sc);
dataConnect.Fill(employeesTable, "Employees");
// Now bind MaskedTextBox to appropriate field. Note that we must create the Binding objects
// before adding them to the control - otherwise, we won't get a Format event on the
// initial load.
try
{
currentBinding = new Binding("Text", employeesTable, "Employees.FirstName");
firstName.DataBindings.Add(currentBinding);
currentBinding = new Binding("Text", employeesTable, "Employees.LastName");
lastName.DataBindings.Add(currentBinding);
phoneBinding =new Binding("Text", employeesTable, "Employees.HomePhone");
// We must add the event handlers before we bind, or the Format event will not get called
// for the first record.
phoneBinding.Format += new ConvertEventHandler(phoneBinding_Format);
phoneBinding.Parse += new ConvertEventHandler(phoneBinding_Parse);
phoneMask.DataBindings.Add(phoneBinding);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
return;
}
}
private void phoneBinding_Format(Object sender, ConvertEventArgs e)
{
String ext;
DataRowView currentRow = (DataRowView)BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"].Current;
if (currentRow["Extension"] == null)
{
ext = "";
} else
{
ext = currentRow["Extension"].ToString();
}
e.Value = e.Value.ToString().Trim() + " x" + ext;
}
private void phoneBinding_Parse(Object sender, ConvertEventArgs e)
{
String phoneNumberAndExt = e.Value.ToString();
int extIndex = phoneNumberAndExt.IndexOf("x");
String ext = phoneNumberAndExt.Substring(extIndex).Trim();
String phoneNumber = phoneNumberAndExt.Substring(0, extIndex).Trim();
//Get the current binding object, and set the new extension manually.
DataRowView currentRow = (DataRowView)BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"].Current;
// Remove the "x" from the extension.
currentRow["Extension"] = ext.Substring(1);
//Return the phone number.
e.Value = phoneNumber;
}
private void previousButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"].Position = BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"].Position - 1;
}
private void nextButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"].Position = BindingContext[employeesTable, "Employees"].Position + 1;
}
}
}
Imports System.Data.SqlClient
Public Class Form1
Dim WithEvents CurrentBinding, PhoneBinding As Binding
Dim EmployeesTable As New DataSet()
Dim sc As SqlConnection
Dim DataConnect As SqlDataAdapter
Private Sub Form1_Load(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load
DoMaskedBinding()
End Sub
Private Sub DoMaskedBinding()
Try
sc = New SqlConnection("Data Source=localhost;Initial Catalog=NORTHWIND;Integrated Security=SSPI")
sc.Open()
Catch ex As Exception
MessageBox.Show(ex.Message)
Application.Exit()
End Try
DataConnect = New SqlDataAdapter("SELECT * FROM Employees", sc)
DataConnect.Fill(EmployeesTable, "Employees")
' Now bind MaskedTextBox to appropriate field. Note that we must create the Binding objects
' before adding them to the control - otherwise, we won't get a Format event on the
' initial load.
Try
CurrentBinding = New Binding("Text", EmployeesTable, "Employees.FirstName")
firstName.DataBindings.Add(CurrentBinding)
CurrentBinding = New Binding("Text", EmployeesTable, "Employees.LastName")
lastName.DataBindings.Add(CurrentBinding)
PhoneBinding = New Binding("Text", EmployeesTable, "Employees.HomePhone")
PhoneMask.DataBindings.Add(PhoneBinding)
Catch ex As Exception
MessageBox.Show(ex.Message)
Application.Exit()
End Try
End Sub
Private Sub PhoneBinding_Format(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As ConvertEventArgs) Handles PhoneBinding.Format
Dim Ext As String
Dim CurrentRow As DataRowView = CType(Me.BindingContext(EmployeesTable, "Employees").Current, DataRowView)
If (CurrentRow("Extension") Is Nothing) Then
Ext = ""
Else
Ext = CurrentRow("Extension").ToString()
End If
e.Value = e.Value.ToString().Trim() & " x" & Ext
End Sub
Private Sub PhoneBinding_Parse(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As ConvertEventArgs) Handles PhoneBinding.Parse
Dim PhoneNumberAndExt As String = e.Value.ToString()
Dim ExtIndex As Integer = PhoneNumberAndExt.IndexOf("x")
Dim Ext As String = PhoneNumberAndExt.Substring(ExtIndex).Trim()
Dim PhoneNumber As String = PhoneNumberAndExt.Substring(0, ExtIndex).Trim()
' Get the current binding object, and set the new extension manually.
Dim CurrentRow As DataRowView = CType(Me.BindingContext(EmployeesTable, "Employees").Current, DataRowView)
' Remove the "x" from the extension.
CurrentRow("Extension") = CObj(Ext.Substring(1))
' Return the phone number.
e.Value = PhoneNumber
End Sub
Private Sub NextButton_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles NextButton.Click
Me.BindingContext(EmployeesTable, "Employees").Position = Me.BindingContext(EmployeesTable, "Employees").Position + 1
End Sub
Private Sub PreviousButton_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles PreviousButton.Click
Me.BindingContext(EmployeesTable, "Employees").Position = Me.BindingContext(EmployeesTable, "Employees").Position - 1
End Sub
End Class
Kompilieren des Codes
Erstellen Sie ein Visual C#- oder Visual Basic-Projekt.
Fügen Sie dem Formular die Steuerelemente TextBox und MaskedTextBox hinzu (siehe Beschreibung im obigen Verfahren).
Öffnen Sie die Quellcodedatei für das Standardformular des Projekts.
Ersetzen Sie den Quellcode in dieser Datei durch den im obigen Codeabschnitt aufgeführten Code.
Kompilieren Sie die Anwendung.
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