Gewusst wie: Ausführen von Zeichenfolgenbearbeitungen durch das Verwenden von grundlegenden Zeichenfolgenoperationen
Im folgenden Beispiel werden einige der Methoden verwendet, die in den Themen unter Grundlegende Zeichenfolgenoperationen erörtert wurden. Es wird eine Klasse erstellt, durch die Zeichenfolgen in ähnlicher Weise wie in einer realen Anwendung bearbeitet werden. Die MailToData-Klasse speichert Namen und Adresse einer Person in separaten Eigenschaften und bietet eine Möglichkeit, die Felder City, State und Zip in einer einzigen Zeichenfolge zu kombinieren und für den Benutzer anzuzeigen. Darüber hinaus ermöglicht es die Klasse dem Benutzer, Stadt, Bundesland und Postleitzahl in einer einzigen Zeichenfolge einzugeben. Die Anwendung analysiert diese einzelne Zeichenfolge automatisch und fügt die geeigneten Informationen in die entsprechende Eigenschaft ein.
Der Einfachheit halber wird in diesem Beispiel eine Konsolenanwendung mit einer Befehlszeilenschnittstelle verwendet.
Beispiel
Imports System
Imports System.IO
Class MainClass
Public Shared Sub Main()
Dim MyData As New MailToData()
Console.Write("Enter Your Name:")
MyData.Name = Console.ReadLine()
Console.Write("Enter Your Address:")
MyData.Address = Console.ReadLine()
Console.Write("Enter Your City, State, and ZIP Code separated by spaces:")
MyData.CityStateZip = Console.ReadLine()
Console.WriteLine("Name: {0}", MyData.Name)
Console.WriteLine("Address: {0}", MyData.Address)
Console.WriteLine("City: {0}", MyData.City)
Console.WriteLine("State: {0}", MyData.State)
Console.WriteLine("ZIP Code: {0}", MyData.Zip)
Console.WriteLine("The following address will be used:")
Console.WriteLine(MyData.Address)
Console.WriteLine(MyData.CityStateZip)
End Sub
End Class
Public Class MailToData
Private strName As String = " "
Private strAddress As String = " "
Private strCityStateZip As String = " "
Private strCity As String = " "
Private strState As String = " "
Private strZip As String = " "
Public Sub New()
End Sub
Public Property Name() As String
Get
Return strName
End Get
Set
strName = value
End Set
End Property
Public Property Address() As String
Get
Return strAddress
End Get
Set
strAddress = value
End Set
End Property
Public Property CityStateZip() As String
Get
Return ReturnCityStateZip()
End Get
Set
strCityStateZip = value
ParseCityStateZip()
End Set
End Property
Public Property City() As String
Get
Return strCity
End Get
Set
strCity = value
End Set
End Property
Public Property State() As String
Get
Return strState
End Get
Set
strState = value
End Set
End Property
Public Property Zip() As String
Get
Return strZip
End Get
Set
strZip = value
End Set
End Property
Private Sub ParseCityStateZip()
Dim CityIndex As Integer
Dim StateIndex As Integer
' Check for an exception if the user did not enter spaces between
' the elements.
Try
' Find index position of the space between
' city and state and assign that value to CityIndex.
CityIndex = strCityStateZip.IndexOf(" ")
' Initialize the CityArray to the value of the
' index position of of the first white space.
Dim CityArray(CityIndex) As Char
' Copy the city to the CityArray.
strCityStateZip.CopyTo(0, CityArray, 0, CityIndex)
' Find index position of the space between
' state and zip and assign that value to CityIndex.
StateIndex = strCityStateZip.LastIndexOf(" ")
' Initialize the StateArray to the length of the state.
Dim StateArray(StateIndex - CityIndex) As Char
' Copy the state to the StateArray.
strCityStateZip.CopyTo(CityIndex, StateArray, 0, StateIndex - CityIndex)
' Initialize the ZipArray to the length of the zip.
Dim ZipArray(strCityStateZip.Length - StateIndex) As Char
' Copy the zip to the ZipArray.
strCityStateZip.CopyTo(StateIndex, ZipArray, 0, strCityStateZip.Length - StateIndex)
' Assign city to the value of CityArray.
strCity = New String(CityArray)
' Trim white spaces, commas, and so on.
strCity = strCity.Trim(New Char() {" "c, ","c, ";"c, "-"c, ":"c})
' Assign state to the value of StateArray.
strState = New String(StateArray)
' Trim white spaces, commas, and so on.
strState = strState.Trim(New Char() {" "c, ","c, ";"c, "-"c, ":"c})
' Assign zip to the value of ZipArray.
strZip = New String(ZipArray)
' Trim white spaces, commas, and so on.
strZip = strZip.Trim(New Char() {" "c, ","c, ";"c, "-"c, ":"c})
' If an exception is encountered, alert the user to enter spaces
' between the elements.
Catch OverflowException As Exception
Console.WriteLine(ControlChars.Lf + ControlChars.Lf + "You must enter spaces between elements." + ControlChars.Lf + ControlChars.Lf)
End Try
End Sub
Private Function ReturnCityStateZip() As String
' Make state uppercase.
strState = strState.ToUpper()
' Put the value of city, state, and zip together in the proper manner.
Dim MyCityStateZip As String = String.Concat(strCity, ", ", strState, " ", strZip)
Return MyCityStateZip
End Function
End Class
using System;
class MainClass
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
MailToData MyData = new MailToData();
Console.Write("Enter Your Name:");
MyData.Name = Console.ReadLine();
Console.Write("Enter Your Address:");
MyData.Address = Console.ReadLine();
Console.Write("Enter Your City, State, and ZIP Code separated by spaces:");
MyData.CityStateZip = Console.ReadLine();
Console.WriteLine("Name: {0}", MyData.Name);
Console.WriteLine("Address: {0}", MyData.Address);
Console.WriteLine("City: {0}", MyData.City);
Console.WriteLine("State: {0}", MyData.State);
Console.WriteLine("Zip: {0}", MyData.Zip);
Console.WriteLine("The following address will be used:");
Console.WriteLine(MyData.Address);
Console.WriteLine(MyData.CityStateZip);
}
}
public class MailToData
{
string name = " ";
string address = " ";
string citystatezip = " ";
string city = " ";
string state = " ";
string zip = " ";
public MailToData()
{
}
public string Name
{
get{return name;}
set{name = value;}
}
public string Address
{
get{return address;}
set{address = value;}
}
public string CityStateZip
{
get
{
return ReturnCityStateZip();
}
set
{
citystatezip = value;
ParseCityStateZip();
}
}
public string City
{
get{return city;}
set{city = value;}
}
public string State
{
get{return state;}
set{state = value;}
}
public string Zip
{
get{return zip;}
set{zip = value;}
}
private void ParseCityStateZip()
{
int CityIndex;
int StateIndex;
// Check for an exception if the user did not enter spaces between
// the elements.
try
{
// Find index position of the space between
// city and state and assign that value to CityIndex.
CityIndex = citystatezip.IndexOf(" ");
// Initialize the CityArray to the value of the
// index position of the first white space.
char[] CityArray = new char[CityIndex];
// Copy the city to the CityArray.
citystatezip.CopyTo(0,CityArray ,0, CityIndex);
// Find index position of the space between
// state and zip and assign that value to CityIndex.
StateIndex = citystatezip.LastIndexOf(" ");
// Initialize the StateArray to the length of the state.
char[] StateArray = new char[StateIndex - CityIndex];
// Copy the state to the StateArray.
citystatezip.CopyTo(CityIndex, StateArray, 0, (StateIndex - CityIndex));
// Initialize the ZipArray to the length of the zip.
char[] ZipArray = new char[citystatezip.Length - StateIndex];
// Copy the zip to the ZipArray.
citystatezip.CopyTo(StateIndex, ZipArray, 0, (citystatezip.Length - StateIndex));
// Assign city to the value of CityArray.
city = new String(CityArray);
// Trim white spaces, commas, and so on.
city = city.Trim(new char[]{' ', ',', ';', '-', ':'});
// Assign state to the value of StateArray.
state = new String(StateArray);
// Trim white spaces, commas, and so on.
state = state.Trim(new char[]{' ', ',', ';', '-', ':'});
// Assign zip to the value of ZipArray.
zip = new String(ZipArray);
// Trim white spaces, commas, and so on.
zip = zip.Trim(new char[]{' ', ',', ';', '-', ':'});
}
// If an exception is encountered, alert the user to enter spaces
// between the elements.
catch(OverflowException)
{
Console.WriteLine("\n\nYou must enter spaces between elements.\n\n");
}
}
private string ReturnCityStateZip()
{
// Make state uppercase.
state = state.ToUpper();
// Put the value of city, state, and zip together in the proper manner.
string MyCityStateZip = String.Concat(city, ", ", state, " ", zip);
return MyCityStateZip;
}
}
using namespace System;
public ref class MailToData
{
private:
String^ name;
String^ address;
String^ citystatezip;
String^ city;
String^ state;
String^ zip;
public:
MailToData()
{
name = " ";
address = " ";
citystatezip = " ";
city = " ";
state = " ";
zip = " ";
}
property String^ Name
{
String^ get() {return name;}
void set(String^ value) {name = value;}
}
property String^ Address
{
String^ get() {return address;}
void set(String^ value) {address = value;}
}
property String^ CityStateZip
{
String^ get()
{
return ReturnCityStateZip();
}
void set(String^ value)
{
citystatezip = value;
ParseCityStateZip();
}
}
property String^ City
{
String^ get(){return city;}
void set(String^ value) {city = value;}
}
property String^ State
{
String^ get(){return state;}
void set(String^ value) {state = value;}
}
property String^ Zip
{
String^ get(){return zip;}
void set(String^ value) {zip = value;}
}
private:
void ParseCityStateZip()
{
int CityIndex;
int StateIndex;
// Check for an exception if the user did not enter spaces between
// the elements.
try
{
// Find index position of the space between
// city and state and assign that value to CityIndex.
CityIndex = citystatezip->IndexOf(" ");
// Initialize the CityArray to the value of the
// index position of the first white space.
array<Char>^ CityArray = gcnew array<Char>(CityIndex);
// Copy the city to the CityArray.
citystatezip->CopyTo(0, CityArray, 0, CityIndex);
// Find index position of the space between
// state and zip and assign that value to CityIndex.
StateIndex = citystatezip->LastIndexOf(" ");
// Initialize the StateArray to the length of the state.
array<Char>^ StateArray = gcnew array<Char>(StateIndex - CityIndex);
// Copy the state to the StateArray.
citystatezip->CopyTo(CityIndex, StateArray, 0, (StateIndex - CityIndex));
// Initialize the ZipArray to the length of the zip.
array<Char>^ ZipArray = gcnew array<Char>(citystatezip->Length - StateIndex);
// Copy the zip to the ZipArray.
citystatezip->CopyTo(StateIndex, ZipArray, 0, (citystatezip->Length - StateIndex));
// Assign city to the value of CityArray.
city = gcnew String(CityArray);
// Trim white spaces, commas, and so on.
city = city->Trim(gcnew array<Char>{' ', ',', ';', '-', ':'});
// Assign state to the value of StateArray.
state = gcnew String(StateArray);
// Trim white spaces, commas, and so on.
state = state->Trim(gcnew array<Char>{' ', ',', ';', '-', ':'});
// Assign zip to the value of ZipArray.
zip = gcnew String(ZipArray);
// Trim white spaces, commas, and so on.
zip = zip->Trim(gcnew array<Char>{' ', ',', ';', '-', ':'});
}
// If an exception is encountered, alert the user to enter spaces
// between the elements.
catch (OverflowException^)
{
Console::WriteLine("\n\nYou must enter spaces between elements.\n\n");
}
}
String^ ReturnCityStateZip()
{
// Make state uppercase.
state = state->ToUpper();
// Put the value of city, state, and zip together in the proper manner.
String^ MyCityStateZip = String::Concat(city, ", ", state, " ", zip);
return MyCityStateZip;
}
};
ref class MainClass
{
public:
static void Main()
{
MailToData^ MyData = gcnew MailToData();
Console::Write("Enter Your Name:");
MyData->Name = Console::ReadLine();
Console::Write("Enter Your Address:");
MyData->Address = Console::ReadLine();
Console::Write("Enter Your City, State, and ZIP Code separated by spaces:");
MyData->CityStateZip = Console::ReadLine();
Console::WriteLine("Name: {0}", MyData->Name);
Console::WriteLine("Address: {0}", MyData->Address);
Console::WriteLine("City: {0}", MyData->City);
Console::WriteLine("State: {0}", MyData->State);
Console::WriteLine("Zip: {0}", MyData->Zip);
Console::WriteLine("The following address will be used:");
Console::WriteLine(MyData->Address);
Console::WriteLine(MyData->CityStateZip);
}
};
int main()
{
MainClass::Main();
}
Wenn der vorangehende Code ausgeführt wird, wird der Benutzer aufgefordert, Namen und Adresse einzugeben. Die Anwendung legt die Informationen in den entsprechenden Eigenschaften ab und zeigt die Informationen erneut an. Dazu wird eine einzelne Zeichenfolge erstellt, in der Stadt, Bundesland und Postleitzahl aufgeführt sind.