Gewusst wie: Bestimmen von Ergebnissen mit Abfragepfaden (Entity Framework)
In diesem Thema wird anhand eines Beispiels gezeigt, wie ein Abfragepfad angegeben wird, mit dem definiert wird, welche verbundenen Objekte bei der Abfrage eines bestimmten Objekts in einem Entity Data Model (EDM) zurückgegeben werden. Die Abfrage dieses Beispiels gibt ein einzelnes Contact-Objekt und alle verbundenen SalesOrderHeader-Objekte sowie SalesOrderDetail-Objekte zurück. Dasselbe Beispiel wird unter Verwendung jeder der folgenden Entity Framework-Abfragetechnologien gezeigt:
LINQ to Entities
Entity SQL mit ObjectQuery<T>
Abfrage-Generator-Methoden von ObjectQuery<T>
Das Beispiel in diesem Thema beruht auf dem AdventureWorks Sales-Modell. Um den Code in diesem Beispiel auszuführen, müssen Sie Ihrem Projekt bereits das "AdventureWorks Sales"-Modell hinzugefügt und das Projekt für die Verwendung von Entity Framework konfiguriert haben. Führen Sie dazu die Verfahren unter Gewusst wie: Manuelles Konfigurieren eines Entity Framework-Projekts und Gewusst wie: Manuelles Definieren eines Entity Data Model (Entity Framework) durch. Sie können auch den Assistenten für Entity Data Model zum Definieren des "AdventureWorks Sales"-Modells verwenden. Weitere Informationen finden Sie unter Gewusst wie: Verwenden des Assistenten für Entity Data Model (Entity Framework).
Beispiel
Dies ist das LINQ-to-Entities-Beispiel.
Using context As New AdventureWorksEntities
' Define a LINQ query with a path that returns
' orders and items for a contact.
Dim contacts = (From contact In context.Contact _
.Include("SalesOrderHeader.SalesOrderDetail") _
Select contact).FirstOrDefault()
Try
' Execute the query and display information for each item
' in the orders that belong to the contact.
For Each order As SalesOrderHeader In contacts.SalesOrderHeader
Console.WriteLine(String.Format("PO Number: {0}", _
order.PurchaseOrderNumber))
Console.WriteLine(String.Format("Order Date: {0}", _
order.OrderDate.ToString()))
Console.WriteLine("Order items:")
For Each item As SalesOrderDetail In order.SalesOrderDetail
Console.WriteLine(String.Format("Product:{0}" _
+ "Quantity: {1}", item.ProductID.ToString(), _
item.OrderQty.ToString()))
Next
Next
Catch ex As EntitySqlException
Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString())
Catch ex As EntityCommandExecutionException
Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString())
End Try
End Using
using (AdventureWorksEntities context =
new AdventureWorksEntities())
{
// Define a LINQ query with a path that returns
// orders and items for a contact.
var contacts = (from contact in context.Contact
.Include("SalesOrderHeader.SalesOrderDetail")
select contact).FirstOrDefault();
try
{
// Execute the query and display information for each item
// in the orders that belong to the contact.
foreach (SalesOrderHeader order in contacts
.SalesOrderHeader)
{
Console.WriteLine(String.Format("PO Number: {0}",
order.PurchaseOrderNumber));
Console.WriteLine(String.Format("Order Date: {0}",
order.OrderDate.ToString()));
Console.WriteLine("Order items:");
foreach (SalesOrderDetail item in order.SalesOrderDetail)
{
Console.WriteLine(String.Format("Product: {0} "
+ "Quantity: {1}", item.ProductID.ToString(),
item.OrderQty.ToString()));
}
}
}
catch (EntitySqlException ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString());
}
catch (EntityCommandExecutionException ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString());
}
}
Dies ist das Entity SQL-Beispiel.
Using context As New AdventureWorksEntities
' Define an object query with a path that returns
' orders and items for a specific contact.
Dim queryString As String = _
"SELECT VALUE TOP(1) Contact FROM " + _
"AdventureWorksEntities.Contact AS Contact"
' Define the object query with the query string.
Dim contactQuery As New ObjectQuery(Of Contact)(queryString, _
context, MergeOption.NoTracking)
Dim contact As Contact = _
contactQuery.Include("SalesOrderHeader.SalesOrderDetail") _
.FirstOrDefault()
Try
' Execute the query and display information for each item
' in the orders that belong to the first contact.
For Each order As SalesOrderHeader In contact.SalesOrderHeader
Console.WriteLine(String.Format("PO Number: {0}", _
order.PurchaseOrderNumber))
Console.WriteLine(String.Format("Order Date: {0}", _
order.OrderDate.ToString()))
Console.WriteLine("Order items:")
For Each item As SalesOrderDetail In order.SalesOrderDetail
Console.WriteLine(String.Format("Product:{0}" _
+ "Quantity: {1}", item.ProductID.ToString(), _
item.OrderQty.ToString()))
Next
Next
Catch ex As EntitySqlException
Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString())
Catch ex As EntityCommandExecutionException
Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString())
End Try
End Using
using (AdventureWorksEntities context =
new AdventureWorksEntities())
{
// Define an object query with a path that returns
// orders and items for a specific contact.
string queryString =
@"SELECT VALUE TOP(1) Contact FROM " +
"AdventureWorksEntities.Contact AS Contact";
// Define the object query with the query string.
ObjectQuery<Contact> contactQuery = new ObjectQuery<Contact>(queryString,
context, MergeOption.NoTracking);
Contact contact =
contactQuery.Include("SalesOrderHeader.SalesOrderDetail")
.FirstOrDefault();
try
{
// Execute the query and display information for each item
// in the orders that belong to the first contact.
foreach (SalesOrderHeader order in contact
.SalesOrderHeader)
{
Console.WriteLine(String.Format("PO Number: {0}",
order.PurchaseOrderNumber));
Console.WriteLine(String.Format("Order Date: {0}",
order.OrderDate.ToString()));
Console.WriteLine("Order items:");
foreach (SalesOrderDetail item in order.SalesOrderDetail)
{
Console.WriteLine(String.Format("Product: {0} "
+ "Quantity: {1}", item.ProductID.ToString(),
item.OrderQty.ToString()));
}
}
}
catch (EntitySqlException ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString());
}
catch (EntityCommandExecutionException ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString());
}
}
Dies ist das Beispiel für die Abfrage-Generator-Methode.
Using context As New AdventureWorksEntities
' Create an object query with a path that returns orders and items for a contact.
Dim contact As Contact = _
context.Contact.Include("SalesOrderHeader.SalesOrderDetail") _
.FirstOrDefault()
Try
' Execute the query and display information for each item
' in the orders that belong to the returned contact.
Dim order As SalesOrderHeader
For Each order In contact.SalesOrderHeader
Console.WriteLine(String.Format("PO Number: {0}", _
order.PurchaseOrderNumber))
Console.WriteLine(String.Format("Order Date: {0}", _
order.OrderDate.ToString()))
Console.WriteLine("Order items:")
Dim item As SalesOrderDetail
For Each item In order.SalesOrderDetail
Console.WriteLine(String.Format("Product:{0}" _
+ "Quantity: {1}", item.ProductID.ToString(), _
item.OrderQty.ToString()))
Next
Next
Catch ex As EntitySqlException
Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString())
Catch ex As EntityCommandExecutionException
Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString())
End Try
End Using
using (AdventureWorksEntities context =
new AdventureWorksEntities())
{
// Define an object query with a path that returns
// orders and items for a specific contact.
Contact contact =
context.Contact.Include("SalesOrderHeader.SalesOrderDetail")
.FirstOrDefault();
try
{
// Execute the query and display information for each item
// in the orders that belong to the first contact.
foreach (SalesOrderHeader order in contact
.SalesOrderHeader)
{
Console.WriteLine(String.Format("PO Number: {0}",
order.PurchaseOrderNumber));
Console.WriteLine(String.Format("Order Date: {0}",
order.OrderDate.ToString()));
Console.WriteLine("Order items:");
foreach (SalesOrderDetail item in order.SalesOrderDetail)
{
Console.WriteLine(String.Format("Product: {0} "
+ "Quantity: {1}", item.ProductID.ToString(),
item.OrderQty.ToString()));
}
}
}
catch (EntitySqlException ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString());
}
catch (EntityCommandExecutionException ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString());
}
}
Siehe auch
Aufgaben
Gewusst wie: Ausführen einer Abfrage, die einen Entitätstyp zurückgibt (Entity Framework)
Gewusst wie: Navigieren in Beziehungen mithilfe von Navigationseigenschaften (Entity Framework)
Konzepte
Strukturieren von Abfrageergebnissen (Entity Framework)
Abfrage-Generator-Methoden (Entity Framework)
Übersicht über Entity SQL