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system, _wsystem

Execute a command.

int system(
   const char *command 
);
int _wsystem(
   const wchar_t *command 
);

Parameters

  • command
    Command to be executed.

Return Value

If command is NULL and the command interpreter is found, returns a nonzero value. If the command interpreter is not found, returns 0 and sets errno to ENOENT. If command is not NULL, system returns the value that is returned by the command interpreter. It returns the value 0 only if the command interpreter returns the value 0. A return value of – 1 indicates an error, and errno is set to one of the following values:

  • E2BIG
    Argument list (which is system dependent) is too big.

  • ENOENT
    Command interpreter cannot be found.

  • ENOEXEC
    Command-interpreter file has invalid format and is not executable.

  • ENOMEM
    Not enough memory is available to execute command; or available memory has been corrupted; or invalid block exists, indicating that process making call was not allocated properly.

See _doserrno, errno, _sys_errlist, and _sys_nerr for more information on these, and other, return codes.

Remarks

The system function passes command to the command interpreter, which executes the string as an operating-system command. system refers to the COMSPEC and PATH environment variables that locate the command-interpreter file (the file named CMD.EXE in Windows 2000 and later). If command is NULL, the function simply checks to see whether the command interpreter exists.

You must explicitly flush (using fflush or _flushall) or close any stream before calling system.

_wsystem is a wide-character version of system; the command argument to _wsystem is a wide-character string. These functions behave identically otherwise.

Generic-Text Routine Mappings

TCHAR.H routine

_UNICODE & _MBCS not defined

_MBCS defined

_UNICODE defined

_tsystem

system

system

_wsystem

Requirements

Routine

Required header

system

<process.h> or <stdlib.h>

_wsystem

<process.h> or <stdlib.h> or <wchar.h>

For additional compatibility information, see Compatibility in the Introduction.

Example

This program uses system to TYPE a text file.

// crt_system.c

#include <process.h>

int main( void )
{
   system( "type crt_system.txt" );
}

Input: crt_system.txt

Line one.
Line two.

Output

Line one.
Line two.

.NET Framework Equivalent

See Also

Reference

Process and Environment Control

_exec, _wexec Functions

exit, _exit

_flushall

_spawn, _wspawn Functions