Festlegen von großen Daten (OLE DB)
Gilt für: 
SQL Server Azure SQL-Datenbank Azure SQL Managed Instance Azure Synapse Analytics Analytics Platform System (PDW)
Dieses Beispiel zeigt, wie BLOB-Daten festgelegt werden, eine Tabelle erstellt, ein Beispieldatensatz hinzugefügt, dieser Datensatz im Rowset abgerufen und anschließend der Wert des BLOB-Felds festgelegt wird. Dieses Beispiel wird nicht auf IA64-basierten Systemen unterstützt.
Zum Übergeben eines Zeigers an das eigene Speicherobjekt erstellt der Consumer einen Accessor, der den Wert der BLOB-Spalte bindet, und ruft anschließend die IRowsetChange::SetData -Methode oder die IRowsetChange::InsertRow -Methode auf.
Die Transact-SQL-Codebeispiele in diesem Artikel verwenden die AdventureWorks2022- oder AdventureWorksDW2022-Beispieldatenbank, die Sie von der Homepage Microsoft SQL Server Samples and Community Projects herunterladen können.
Wichtig
Verwenden Sie nach Möglichkeit die Windows-Authentifizierung. Wenn die Windows-Authentifizierung nicht verfügbar ist, fordern Sie die Benutzer auf, ihre Anmeldeinformationen zur Laufzeit einzugeben. Die Anmeldeinformationen sollten nicht in einer Datei gespeichert werden. Wenn Sie die Anmeldeinformationen permanent speichern müssen, verschlüsseln Sie sie mit der Win32 Crypto-API.
Prozeduren
So legen Sie BLOB-Daten fest
Erstellen Sie eine DBOBJECT-Struktur, die beschreibt, wie auf die BLOB-Spalte zugegriffen werden soll. Legen Sie das dwFlag -Element der DBOBJECT-Struktur auf STGM_READ fest, und legen Sie das iid-Element auf IID_ISequentialStream (die verfügbar zu machende Schnittstelle) fest.
Legen Sie die Eigenschaften in der DBPROPSET_ROWSET-Eigenschaftengruppe so fest, dass das Rowset aktualisiert werden kann.
Erstellen Sie mithilfe eines DBBINDING-Strukturarrays einen Satz von Bindungen (eine pro Spalte). Legen Sie das wType-Element in der DBBINDING-Struktur auf DBTYPE_IUNKNOWN fest, und legen Sie das pObject-Element so fest, dass es auf die von Ihnen erstellte DBOBJECT-Struktur zeigt.
Erstellen Sie einen Accessor mithilfe der Bindungsinformationen im DBBINDINGS-Strukturarray.
Rufen Sie GetNextRows auf, um die nächsten Zeilen für das Rowset abzurufen. Rufen Sie GetData auf, um die Daten aus dem Rowset zu lesen.
Um die Daten festzulegen, erstellen Sie ein Speicherobjekt, das die Daten (und den Längenindikator) enthält, und rufen Sie anschließend IRowsetChange::SetData (oder IRowsetChange::InsertRow) mit dem Accessor auf, der die BLOB-Spalte bindet.
Beispiel
BESCHREIBUNG
Kompilieren Sie mit ole32.lib und oleaut32.lib, und führen Sie das folgende C++-Codelisting aus. Diese Anwendung stellt eine Verbindung mit der SQL Server-Standardinstanz des Computers her. Bei einigen Windows-Betriebssystemen müssen Sie (localhost) oder (local) in den Namen der SQL Server -Instanz ändern. Ändern Sie zum Herstellen einer Verbindung mit einer benannten Instanz die Verbindungszeichenfolge von L"(local)" in L"(local)\\name", wobei „name“ die benannte Instanz darstellt. Standardmäßig wird SQL Server Express in einer benannten Instanz installiert. Stellen Sie sicher, dass die INCLUDE-Umgebungsvariable das Verzeichnis einschließt, das „msoledbsql.h“ enthält.
Code
// compile with: ole32.lib oleaut32.lib
#define UNICODE
#define DBINITCONSTANTS
#define INITGID
#define OLEDBVER 0x0250 // to include correct interfaces
#include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <oledb.h>
#include <oledberr.h>
#include <msoledbsql.h>
using namespace std;
#define SAFE_RELEASE(pIUnknown) if(pIUnknown) (pIUnknown)->Release();
HRESULT GetCommandObject(REFIID riid, IUnknown** ppIUnknown);
HRESULT CreateTable(ICommandText* pICommandText);
class CSeqStream : public ISequentialStream {
public:
// Constructors
CSeqStream();
virtual ~CSeqStream();
virtual BOOL Seek(ULONG iPos);
virtual BOOL Clear();
virtual BOOL CompareData(void* pBuffer);
virtual ULONG Length() { return m_cBufSize; };
virtual operator void* const() { return m_pBuffer; };
STDMETHODIMP_(ULONG) AddRef(void);
STDMETHODIMP_(ULONG) Release(void);
STDMETHODIMP QueryInterface(REFIID riid, LPVOID *ppv);
STDMETHODIMP Read(
/* [out] */ void __RPC_FAR *pv,
/* [in] */ ULONG cb,
/* [out] */ ULONG __RPC_FAR *pcbRead);
STDMETHODIMP Write(
/* [in] */ const void __RPC_FAR *pv,
/* [in] */ ULONG cb,
/* [out]*/ ULONG __RPC_FAR *pcbWritten);
private:
ULONG m_cRef; // reference count
void* m_pBuffer; // buffer
ULONG m_cBufSize; // buffer size
ULONG m_iPos; // current index position in the buffer
};
// class implementation
CSeqStream::CSeqStream() {
m_iPos = 0;
m_cRef = 0;
m_pBuffer = NULL;
m_cBufSize = 0;
// The constructor AddRef's
AddRef();
}
CSeqStream::~CSeqStream() {
// Shouldn't have any references left ASSERT(m_cRef == 0);
CoTaskMemFree(m_pBuffer);
}
ULONG CSeqStream::AddRef() {
return ++m_cRef;
}
ULONG CSeqStream::Release() {
// ASSERT(m_cRef);
if (--m_cRef)
return m_cRef;
delete this;
return 0;
}
HRESULT CSeqStream::QueryInterface(REFIID riid, void** ppv) {
// ASSERT(ppv);
*ppv = NULL;
if (riid == IID_IUnknown)
*ppv = this;
if (riid == IID_ISequentialStream)
*ppv = this;
if(*ppv) {
((IUnknown*)*ppv)->AddRef();
return S_OK;
}
return E_NOINTERFACE;
}
BOOL CSeqStream::Seek(ULONG iPos) {
// Make sure the desired position is within the buffer
// ASSERT(iPos == 0 || iPos < m_cBufSize);
// Reset the current buffer position
m_iPos = iPos;
return TRUE;
}
BOOL CSeqStream::Clear() {
// Frees the buffer
m_iPos = 0;
m_cBufSize = 0;
CoTaskMemFree(m_pBuffer);
m_pBuffer = NULL;
return TRUE;
}
BOOL CSeqStream::CompareData(void* pBuffer) {
// ASSERT(pBuffer);
// Quick and easy way to compare user buffer with the stream
return memcmp(pBuffer, m_pBuffer, m_cBufSize) == 0;
}
HRESULT CSeqStream::Read(void *pv, ULONG cb, ULONG* pcbRead) {
// Parameter checking
if (pcbRead)
*pcbRead = 0;
if (!pv)
return STG_E_INVALIDPOINTER;
if (cb == 0)
return S_OK;
// Actual code
ULONG cBytesLeft = m_cBufSize - m_iPos;
ULONG cBytesRead = cb > cBytesLeft ? cBytesLeft : cb;
// if no more bytes to retrieve return
if (cBytesLeft == 0)
return S_FALSE;
// Copy to users buffer the number of bytes requested or remaining
memcpy(pv, (void*)((BYTE*)m_pBuffer + m_iPos), cBytesRead);
m_iPos += cBytesRead;
if (pcbRead)
*pcbRead = cBytesRead;
if (cb != cBytesRead)
return S_FALSE;
return S_OK;
}
HRESULT CSeqStream::Write(const void *pv, ULONG cb, ULONG* pcbWritten) {
// Parameter checking
if (!pv)
return STG_E_INVALIDPOINTER;
if (pcbWritten)
*pcbWritten = 0;
if (cb == 0)
return S_OK;
// Enlarge the current buffer
m_cBufSize += cb;
// Need to append to the end of the stream
m_pBuffer = CoTaskMemRealloc(m_pBuffer, m_cBufSize);
memcpy((void*)((BYTE*)m_pBuffer + m_iPos), pv, cb);
// m_iPos += cb;
if (pcbWritten)
*pcbWritten = cb;
return S_OK;
}
int main() {
CoInitialize(NULL);
DBOBJECT ObjectStruct;
ObjectStruct.dwFlags = STGM_READ;
ObjectStruct.iid = IID_ISequentialStream;
struct BLOBDATA {
DBSTATUS dwStatus;
DBLENGTH dwLength;
ISequentialStream* pISeqStream;
};
BLOBDATA BLOBGetData;
BLOBDATA BLOBSetData;
const ULONG cBindings = 1;
DBBINDING rgBindings[cBindings];
HRESULT hr = S_OK;
IAccessor* pIAccessor = NULL;
ICommandText* pICommandText = NULL;
ICommandProperties* pICommandProperties = NULL;
IRowsetChange* pIRowsetChange = NULL;
IRowset* pIRowset = NULL;
CSeqStream* pMySeqStream = NULL;
DBCOUNTITEM cRowsObtained = 0;
HACCESSOR hAccessor = DB_NULL_HACCESSOR;
DBBINDSTATUS rgBindStatus[cBindings];
HROW* rghRows = NULL;
const ULONG cPropSets = 1;
DBPROPSET rgPropSets[cPropSets];
const ULONG cProperties = 1;
DBPROP rgProperties[cProperties];
const ULONG cBytes = 10;
BYTE pBuffer[cBytes];
ULONG cBytesRead = 0;
BYTE pReadData[cBytes]; // read BLOB data in this array
memset(pReadData, 0xAA, cBytes);
BYTE pWriteData[cBytes]; // write BLOB data from this array
memset(pWriteData, 'D', cBytes);
// Get Command object
hr = GetCommandObject(IID_ICommandText, (IUnknown**)&pICommandText);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("Failed to get ICommandText interface.\n");
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
}
// Create table with image column and index
hr = CreateTable(pICommandText);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("Failed to create table.\n");
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
}
// Set the DBPROPSET structure. It is used to pass an array
// of DBPROP structures to SetProperties().
rgPropSets[0].guidPropertySet = DBPROPSET_ROWSET;
rgPropSets[0].cProperties = cProperties;
rgPropSets[0].rgProperties = rgProperties;
// Now set properties in the property group (DBPROPSET_ROWSET)
rgPropSets[0].rgProperties[0].dwPropertyID = DBPROP_UPDATABILITY;
rgPropSets[0].rgProperties[0].dwOptions = DBPROPOPTIONS_REQUIRED;
rgPropSets[0].rgProperties[0].dwStatus = DBPROPSTATUS_OK;
rgPropSets[0].rgProperties[0].colid = DB_NULLID;
rgPropSets[0].rgProperties[0].vValue.vt = VT_I4;
V_I4(&rgPropSets[0].rgProperties[0].vValue) = DBPROPVAL_UP_CHANGE;
// Set the rowset properties
hr = pICommandText->QueryInterface(IID_ICommandProperties,
(void **)&pICommandProperties);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("Failed to get ICommandProperties to set rowset properties.\n");
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
}
hr = pICommandProperties->SetProperties(cPropSets, rgPropSets);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("Execute failed to set rowset properties.\n");
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
}
// Execute a command (SELECT * FROM TestISeqStream)
hr = pICommandText->SetCommandText(DBGUID_DBSQL, L"SELECT * FROM TestISeqStream");
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("Failed to set command text SELECT * FROM.\n");
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
}
hr = pICommandText->Execute(NULL,
IID_IRowsetChange,
NULL,
NULL,
(IUnknown**)&pIRowsetChange);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("Failed to execute the command SELECT * FROM.\n");
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
}
// Fill the DBBINDINGS array.
rgBindings[0].iOrdinal = 2; // ordinal position
rgBindings[0].obValue = offsetof(BLOBDATA, pISeqStream);
rgBindings[0].obLength = offsetof(BLOBDATA, dwLength);
rgBindings[0].obStatus = offsetof(BLOBDATA, dwStatus);
rgBindings[0].pTypeInfo = NULL;
rgBindings[0].pObject = &ObjectStruct;
rgBindings[0].pBindExt = NULL;
rgBindings[0].dwPart = DBPART_VALUE | DBPART_STATUS | DBPART_LENGTH;
rgBindings[0].dwMemOwner = DBMEMOWNER_CLIENTOWNED;
rgBindings[0].eParamIO = DBPARAMIO_NOTPARAM;
rgBindings[0].cbMaxLen = 0;
rgBindings[0].dwFlags = 0;
rgBindings[0].wType = DBTYPE_IUNKNOWN;
rgBindings[0].bPrecision = 0;
rgBindings[0].bScale = 0;
// Create an accessor using the binding information.
hr = pIRowsetChange->QueryInterface(IID_IAccessor, (void**)&pIAccessor);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("Failed to get IAccessor interface.\n");
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
}
hr = pIAccessor->CreateAccessor(DBACCESSOR_ROWDATA,
cBindings,
rgBindings,
sizeof(BLOBDATA),
&hAccessor,
rgBindStatus);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("Failed to create an accessor.\n");
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
}
// get the first row.
hr = pIRowsetChange->QueryInterface(IID_IRowset, (void **)&pIRowset);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("Failed to get IRowset interface.\n");
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
}
hr = pIRowset->GetNextRows(NULL, 0, 1, &cRowsObtained, &rghRows);
hr = pIRowset->GetData(rghRows[0], hAccessor, &BLOBGetData);
// Verify the retrieved data, only if data is not null.
if (BLOBGetData.dwStatus == DBSTATUS_S_ISNULL) {
// Process null data
printf("Provider returned a null value.\n");
}
else if(BLOBGetData.dwStatus == DBSTATUS_S_OK) {
// Provider returned a nonNULL value
BLOBGetData.pISeqStream->Read( pBuffer, cBytes, &cBytesRead);
if (memcmp(pBuffer, pReadData, cBytes) != 0) {
// cleanup
}
SAFE_RELEASE(BLOBGetData.pISeqStream);
}
// Set up data for SetData.
pMySeqStream = new CSeqStream();
// Put data into ISequentialStream object for the provider to write.
pMySeqStream->Write(pWriteData, cBytes, NULL);
BLOBSetData.pISeqStream = (ISequentialStream*)pMySeqStream;
BLOBSetData.dwStatus = DBSTATUS_S_OK;
BLOBSetData.dwLength = pMySeqStream->Length();
// Set the data.
hr = pIRowsetChange->SetData(rghRows[0], hAccessor, &BLOBSetData);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("Failed to set data.\n");
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
}
hr = pIAccessor->ReleaseAccessor(hAccessor, NULL);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("Failed to release accessor.\n");
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
}
hr = pIRowset->ReleaseRows(cRowsObtained, rghRows, NULL, NULL, NULL);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("Failed to release rows.\n");
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
}
Exit:
// Release all allocated memory and release interface pointers.
CoUninitialize();
}
HRESULT GetCommandObject(REFIID riid, IUnknown** ppIUnknown) {
HRESULT hr = S_OK;
// Local interface pointers, until a connection is made.
IDBInitialize* pIDBInitialize = NULL;
IDBProperties* pIDBProperties = NULL;
IDBCreateSession* pIDBCreateSession = NULL;
IDBCreateCommand* pIDBCreateCommand = NULL;
const ULONG cPropSets = 1;
DBPROPSET rgPropSets[cPropSets];
const ULONG cProperties = 4;
DBPROP rgProperties[cProperties];
// Initialize property values needed to establish connection.
for ( ULONG i = 0 ; i < 4 ; i++ )
VariantInit(&rgProperties[i].vValue);
// Server name.
rgProperties[0].dwPropertyID = DBPROP_INIT_DATASOURCE;
rgProperties[0].vValue.vt = VT_BSTR;
rgProperties[0].vValue.bstrVal = SysAllocString(L"(local)");
rgProperties[0].dwOptions = DBPROPOPTIONS_REQUIRED;
rgProperties[0].colid = DB_NULLID;
// Database.
rgProperties[1].dwPropertyID = DBPROP_INIT_CATALOG;
rgProperties[1].vValue.vt = VT_BSTR;
rgProperties[1].vValue.bstrVal = SysAllocString(L"AdventureWorks");
rgProperties[1].dwOptions = DBPROPOPTIONS_REQUIRED;
rgProperties[1].colid = DB_NULLID;
rgProperties[2].dwPropertyID = DBPROP_AUTH_INTEGRATED;
rgProperties[2].vValue.vt = VT_BSTR;
rgProperties[2].vValue.bstrVal = SysAllocString(L"SSPI");
rgProperties[2].dwOptions = DBPROPOPTIONS_REQUIRED;
rgProperties[2].colid = DB_NULLID;
// Properties are now set. Next, construct DBPROPSET structure (rgInitPropSet) used to pass an
// array of DBPROP structures (InitProperties) to the SetProperties method.
rgPropSets[0].guidPropertySet = DBPROPSET_DBINIT;
rgPropSets[0].cProperties = cProperties;
rgPropSets[0].rgProperties = rgProperties;
// Get the IDBInitialize interface.
hr = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_MSOLEDBSQL,
NULL,
CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
IID_IDBInitialize,
(void**)&pIDBInitialize);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("Failed to get IDBInitialize interface.\n");
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
}
// Set initialization properties.
hr = pIDBInitialize->QueryInterface(IID_IDBProperties, (void **)&pIDBProperties);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("Failed to get IDBProperties interface.\n");
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
}
hr = pIDBProperties->SetProperties(cPropSets, rgPropSets);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("Failed to set properties for DBPROPSET_DBINIT.\n");
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
}
hr = pIDBInitialize->Initialize();
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("Failed to initialize.\n");
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
}
// Create a session object.
hr = pIDBInitialize->QueryInterface( IID_IDBCreateSession,
(void **)&pIDBCreateSession);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("Failed to get pIDBCreateSession interface.\n");
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
}
hr = pIDBCreateSession->CreateSession( NULL, IID_IDBCreateCommand, (IUnknown**)&pIDBCreateCommand);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("Failed to create session object.\n");
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
}
// Get CommandText object
hr = pIDBCreateCommand->CreateCommand( NULL, riid, (IUnknown**)ppIUnknown);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("Failed to create CommandText object.\n");
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
}
return hr;
Exit:
// Free up all allocated memory and release interface pointers.
return hr;
}
HRESULT CreateTable(ICommandText* pICommandText) {
HRESULT hr = S_OK;
// drop the table "TestISeqStream" if the table exists.
hr = pICommandText->SetCommandText( DBGUID_DBSQL, L"if object_id('TestISeqStream') is not null drop table TestISeqStream");
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("Failed to set command text DROP TABLE.\n");
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
}
hr = pICommandText->Execute(NULL, IID_NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("Failed to drop the table.\n");
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
}
// Create a new table.
hr = pICommandText->SetCommandText(DBGUID_DBSQL,
L"CREATE TABLE TestISeqStream (col1 int,col2 image)");
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("Failed to set command text CREATE TABLE.\n");
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
}
hr = pICommandText->Execute(NULL, IID_NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("Failed to create table.\n");
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
}
// Insert one row into table.
hr = pICommandText->SetCommandText(DBGUID_DBSQL,
L"INSERT INTO TestISeqStream(col1,col2) VALUES (1,0xAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA)");
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("Failed to set command text INSERT INTO.\n");
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
}
hr = pICommandText->Execute(NULL, IID_NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
printf("Failed to insert record in the table.\n");
// Release any references and return.
goto Exit;
}
Exit:
// Release all allocated memory and release interface pointers.
return hr;
}