Financial consolidations and currency translation overview

This article describes the approach that both Microsoft Dynamics 365 Finance and Financial reporting use for consolidations. It describes scenarios that involve multi-company reporting, aggregation, elimination, and minority interest. It also explains how to handle special situations, such as scenarios where legal entities have different fiscal periods or different charts of accounts.

This article is written for users and functional consultants, and it assumes that readers have a general understanding of Finance and Financial reporting. Basic setup isn't covered.

Note

The term legal entity is used in Finance, and the term company is used in Financial reporting. Both these terms are used in this article. However, for the purposes of this article, their meanings are the same.

Audience

This article is intended for finance and accounting users and application consultants who want to use Finance and Reporting and Financial reporting to consolidate multi-company and multi-currency data.

Approach

Finance uses a separate legal entity to process a consolidation. It enables single-instance consolidation but provides an option to bring in data from other sources. You must run the consolidation process every time you make changes in the source legal entities.

Financial reporting can consolidate multiple companies during report generation. Although the data is stored in a data mart, is versioned, and can be exported, every source company is the owner and container of the data. You can run the report at any time, even every minute (for example). It provides many additional benefits, such as the ability to drill down to all companies and dimensions.

Users can use Consolidate Online, Financial reporting, or a combination. Their choice depends on the needs of their company and the preferences of their auditors.

Consolidations

The Consolidations module includes options for consolidating multiple legal entities during the consolidation process, and for importing or exporting a company's balance. You can also set up eliminations and post elimination journals.

Benefits of using Consolidate online

When you use the Consolidations module, you get many benefits:

• Depth of data – You can create consolidated reports that bring together actual and budget data at both the account level and the dimension level.
• Dynamic consolidations – You can process consolidations multiple times.
• Audit capabilities – Dimensions and accounts are maintained for analysis and audit, and balances are created by date.
• Currency translation – You can set up the account ranges and rates to translate from the accounting currency of the source company to the accounting currency of the consolidation company.
• Process eliminations in a consolidated or elimination company – You can process and post eliminations as a single process during consolidation. Alternatively, you can run a proposal separately.

Supported consolidation scenarios

Consolidate online supports these consolidation scenarios:

• Single-level consolidations across legal entities
• Consolidations that involve eliminations
• Minority interest (For this scenario, use manual calculation and entry in the company.)
• Multiple charts of accounts across legal entities
• Different fiscal calendars across multiple legal entities
• Consolidations that involve multiple reporting currencies

Legal entity setup

Before you process a consolidation, set up the legal entity. You can run consolidation as many times as you require, and all data is translated from the source company's accounting currency or reporting currency to the currency that you define for the consolidation company. Therefore, for the following organizational structure, if you must translate all North American companies first to US dollars (USD) and then to euros (EUR), the currency of the parent company, you must have at least two consolidation companies.

In the preceding organizational structure, you must have a legal entity for the North American consolidation, because consolidations always consolidate from the accounting currency of the source company to the currency of the consolidation company. In the example, if you include all companies in a single consolidation, the Mexican subsidiary is translated from Mexican pesos (MXN) to EUR, not from MXN to USD to EUR.

When you create the legal entity, you can specify whether the company is used for both the consolidation process and the elimination process, or for just one of those processes. In the following illustration, the company is used for both processes. You can't post daily journals in a consolidation company, but you can post them in an elimination company. Therefore, you might want to have a separate elimination company.

Main accounts and consolidation account groups

Choose how you want to consolidate your chart of accounts. During the consolidation process, you have three options for consolidating main accounts.

The first option is to use the main accounts from the source companies. In this case, every account from all companies is consolidated. For example, if Cash is account 100000 in the USMF company and account 1100 in the DEMF company, the consolidation company includes both accounts. Each account has its respective balance.

The second option is to specify a default consolidation account on the Main accounts page. You map the account to the consolidation account. This option can be helpful when you have different charts of accounts or must map to a chart that is defined by the headquarters.

The third option is to use consolidation account groups. You can define as many consolidation account groups as you require. Then, on the Additional consolidation accounts page, you map the main account from the chart of accounts to the account that you require for that group.

Consolidating online

To learn how to enter details of consolidations online, see Online financial consolidations.

Managing consolidation transactions

To view the results of the consolidation, you have multiple options:

• Generate a financial report against the consolidation company.

• Review the Trial balance list page in the consolidation company.

• In the list of consolidation transactions on the Consolidations page, view the balances that are created by date for every source company for every period.

  

To run the consolidation again, process the consolidation. Alternatively, you can first select Remove the transactions on the Consolidations page. If the balances on your consolidated account aren't accurate, correct these balances by using the Closing period adjustments page.

Consolidate with import

The Consolidate with import functionality works like the Consolidate online functionality. When you select the legal entities, you browse to the source file that contains the data.

Export company balances

The Export company balances functionality also works like the Consolidate online functionality. When you select the legal entities, you set a file path for the output.

Elimination rules

To eliminate intercompany transactions, you can create an elimination rule. Alternatively, you can do a manual elimination entry in a company that you designate as an elimination company. If you create an elimination rule, you have two options for the elimination method: Net change and Fixed.

Set up elimination rules

When you set up elimination rules in Finance, you can create a financial dimension that's used specifically for elimination. Most customers name this financial dimension Trading Partner or something similar. If you decide not to use a financial dimension, make sure that you use main accounts that are dedicated only to intercompany transactions.

You can find the setup for eliminations in the Setup area of the Consolidations module. After you enter a description for the rule, select the company that the elimination journal posts to. The company that you select should have Use for financial elimination process selected in the legal entity setup.

Set the date when the elimination rule becomes effective and the date when it expires, as you require. If you want the elimination rule to be available in the elimination proposal process, set the Active option to Yes. Select a journal name of the Elimination type.

After you define the basic properties, select Lines to define the actual processing rules. Two options exist for eliminations: you can eliminate the net change amount or define a fixed amount.

Select the source accounts. You can use an asterisk (*) as a wildcard character. For example, 1* selects all accounts that start with a 1 as a source of data for the allocation.

After you select the source accounts, use the Account specification field to specify the account that the destination company uses. Select Source to use the same main account that is defined in the source account. If you select User defined, you must specify a destination account.

The Dimension specification field works like the Account specification field. Select Source to use the same dimensions in the destination company and the source company. If you select User defined, you must specify the dimensions in the destination company by selecting Destination dimensions. Then select source dimensions and the financial dimensions and values that are used as a source of the elimination.

Process elimination transactions

You can process elimination transactions in two ways. You can process the transaction during the Consolidate online process, or you can create an elimination journal and run the elimination proposal process. This section focuses on the second option.

In a company that you define as an elimination company, select Elimination journal in the Consolidations module. After you select the journal name, select Lines. To run the proposal, select Proposals > Elimination proposal.

Select the company that is the source of the consolidated data, and then select the rule to process. Enter start and end dates to define the date range that is searched for elimination amounts. The GL posting date field specifies the date that is used to post the journal to the general ledger. After you select OK, you can review the amounts and post the journal.

Note

The elimination journal shows the amounts for account values in the currency of their originating transactions, not in the accounting currency. When you review the amounts in the elimination journal, you might find this behavior confusing.

For more information and examples, see Elimination rules.

Currency revaluation in a consolidation company

When you consolidate data from one accounting currency to another, you must still run currency revaluation if exchange rates change, so that your account balances are correctly revalued. When you originally consolidate the data, use the Currency translation tab to select the initial exchange rates that should be used for translation during the consolidation process. After a new exchange rate is entered (for example, in the next month), you must revalue the account balances. The unrealized gains or losses are then updated based on the new exchange rate and date.

When Foreign currency revaluation runs in the Consolidation company, the exchange rate type defaults from the Ledger setup page. If there's a legal entity override on the Main account for the consolidation company, it uses that exchange rate type. But it doesn't use the legal entity override for each legal entity in the consolidation company. It only uses the one for the consolidation company.

For more information about how currency revaluation works in the General ledger module, see Foreign currency revaluation for General ledger.

Related information

• All posting layers are consolidated when the consolidation is processed.
• You can post elimination journals only to the Current layer.
• Only operating balances are consolidated. Therefore, to see opening balances, you must still run a year-end close in the consolidation company.
• You can post a daily journal in an elimination company, but not in a consolidation company.
• You can make adjustments to balances in a consolidation company only by using the Closing period adjustments page.

Benefits of using Financial reporting for financial consolidations and currency translation, or to complement Consolidate online for consolidated reporting

When you use Financial reporting for financial consolidations and currency translation, or to complement Consolidate online for consolidated reporting, you get several benefits:

• Depth of data – You can create consolidated reports that bring together actual and budget data at both the account level and the dimension level. For Finance, this data includes data from both budget control and budget planning.
• Dynamic consolidations – You can perform consolidations at any time and at any level in the organizational hierarchy.
• Complete audit capabilities – The system maintains all dimensions, accounts, and transactional detail for analysis and audit. In addition, Financial reporting provides full drill-back to the original transaction in any of the legal entities that are consolidated.
• Streamlined currency translation – After minimal setup in Finance, you can translate any Financial reporting report into any reporting currency that you set up. In addition, you can set up an unlimited number of reporting currencies.
• Post eliminations at the source – You can create and print an elimination report to verify elimination transactions. You can then post any new eliminations as standard intercompany transactions. You can also use an elimination legal entity for any transaction that you don't want in your legal entities.

Supported consolidation scenarios for Financial reporting

Financial reporting supports the following consolidation scenarios:

• Single-level and multilevel consolidations across legal entities
• Consolidations that use organization structures that you create from legal entities
• Consolidations that involve eliminations
• Minority interest
• Multiple charts of accounts across legal entities
• Different fiscal calendars across multiple legal entities
• Consolidations that involve multiple reporting currencies
• Business unit consolidations

Generating consolidated financial statements

For information about scenarios where you might generate consolidated financial statements, see Generate consolidated financial statements.

Performance enhancement for large consolidations

Environments that have many general ledger transactions might run more slowly than is optimal. To fix this issue, set up parallel processing of batches that uses a user-defined number of dates. To ensure that the solution works as intended, add an extension point to the consolidation process to return a container of date ranges. The base implementation should contain one date range for the start state and end date of the consolidation. The system validates date ranges in the base implementation to ensure that they don't contain gaps or overlap. Use the date ranges to create parallel batch bundles for each company.

You can customize the number of date ranges to meet your organization's requirements. By customizing the number of date ranges, you can help simplify testing and minimize the impact on existing code, because there's no allocation logic. The only new tests that are required validate the creation of batch bundles, validate date ranges, and test a subset of date ranges to verify that the batches can be brought together for the final batch task.

This feature enhances the consolidation process in General ledger when the process is run in a batch. The enhancement improves the performance of the general ledger consolidation process by splitting the consolidation into multiple tasks that can be processed in parallel. In the default method of running a consolidation, each task processes eight days' worth of general ledger activity. However, an extension point is added that lets you customize the number of tasks.

Before you can use this feature, turn it on in your system. Admins can use the Feature management workspace to check the status of the feature and turn it on if it's required. The feature is listed in the following way:

• Module: General ledger
• Feature name: Performance enhancement for large consolidations