Επεξεργασία

Install mssql-django

The mssql-django package is the official Microsoft-supported Django database backend for SQL Server, Azure SQL Database, Azure SQL Managed Instance, and SQL database in Microsoft Fabric. This article explains how to install the package and its dependencies.

Prerequisites

  • Python 3.10 through 3.14. Django 6.0 and later versions require at least Python 3.12.
  • pip package manager (included with Python 3.4 and later versions)
  • Microsoft ODBC Driver 17 or 18 for SQL Server, for database aliases that use the default pyodbc driver. See Download ODBC Driver for SQL Server.

Important

mssql-django 2.0 requires mssql-python 1.15.0 or later, even when every database alias uses pyodbc. The package installs only on platforms that have a compatible mssql-python distribution. Projects on other platforms stay on version 1.8.0. For the platform list, see mssql-django support and lifecycle.

Install from PyPI

Install the package by using pip. This command also installs Django, pyodbc, mssql-python, and tzdata automatically:

pip install mssql-django

To upgrade an existing installation:

pip install --upgrade mssql-django

To install a specific version:

pip install mssql-django==2.0.0

Dependency and version compatibility

For mssql-django 2.0, the package metadata includes these dependency constraints:

Component Version guidance
Python 3.10 through 3.14
Django >=5.2 and <6.2
pyodbc >=3.0
mssql-python >=1.15.0
tzdata Installed as a dependency

Tip

Let pip resolve compatible versions unless you have a tested lock file. Pinning an older pyodbc version can cause runtime issues even when installation succeeds.

Choose a database driver

pyodbc is the default driver and needs no configuration. To run a database alias on mssql-python instead, add "python_driver": "mssql_python" to that alias's OPTIONS dictionary. Aliases can use different drivers in the same project. For the behavior differences and the options each driver ignores, see Select the database driver for mssql-django.

Verify the installation

After installation, verify the package is installed correctly:

pip show mssql-django

Expected output:

Name: mssql-django
Version: 2.0.0
Summary: Django backend for Microsoft SQL Server

Verify the ODBC layer that the default pyodbc path uses:

import pyodbc

print(f"pyodbc version: {pyodbc.version}")
print(f"Available ODBC drivers: {pyodbc.drivers()}")

Note

The mssql-django backend is automatically configured in Django's database routing system. Don't import it directly in application code. Instead, set the ENGINE to mssql in your DATABASES configuration.

Use a virtual environment

Use a Python virtual environment to isolate project dependencies:

python -m venv .venv

Activate the virtual environment:

.venv\Scripts\activate

Then install mssql-django inside the virtual environment:

pip install mssql-django

Platform-specific notes

Database aliases that use the default pyodbc driver need a separately installed ODBC driver, and the installation steps vary by operating system. Aliases that use mssql-python don't need these steps. Instead, install the platform prerequisites for mssql-python, including OpenSSL on macOS and the required libraries on Linux.

Windows

Install the Microsoft ODBC Driver 18 for SQL Server using the .msi installer from Download ODBC Driver for SQL Server.

Linux

Install the ODBC driver using your distribution's package manager. See Install the Microsoft ODBC driver for SQL Server (Linux) for platform-specific instructions.

macOS

Install the ODBC driver with Homebrew:

brew tap microsoft/mssql-release https://github.com/Microsoft/homebrew-mssql-release
brew update
HOMEBREW_ACCEPT_EULA=Y brew install msodbcsql18

Dependencies

The mssql-django package automatically installs the following dependencies:

Package Purpose
Django Web framework
pyodbc Default ODBC database driver for Python
mssql-python Opt-in Python database driver, installed unconditionally
tzdata IANA time zone database for the standard library zoneinfo module

The backend converts time zone-aware datetime values by using the standard library zoneinfo module. zoneinfo reads the operating system's IANA time zone database when one exists and falls back to the tzdata package otherwise, which covers Windows and minimal container images. pytz is no longer a dependency.

Related content

  • Last updated on