Web API Navigation Properties (Microsoft Dataverse) - Power Apps

Άρθρο
01/01/2023

Within the CSDL $metadata document, each entity type that is not abstract will have NavigationProperty elements.

The NavigationProperty element describes data related to the current entity type. When you retrieve a record, you can expand navigation properties to include related data.

NavigationProperty elements have the following attributes:

Attribute	Description
`Name`	The name of the navigation property. This value is case sensitive.
`Type`	The related entity type. This can be to a single value or a collection of a type.
`Partner`	The name of the navigation property on the other side of the relationship.
`Nullable="false"`	Whether the value can be null.

Important

There are two types of navigation properties: single-valued and collection-valued. This distinction is important because capabilities for each type of navigation property are different.

When a navigation property Type refers to a single value, it represents a one-to-many relationship to set a reference to another table record. This is commonly called a 'lookup'. For example, this is the account table createdby navigation property:

<NavigationProperty 
    Name="createdby" 
    Type="mscrm.systemuser" 
    Nullable="false" 
    Partner="lk_accountbase_createdby">
    <ReferentialConstraint 
        Property="_createdby_value" 
        ReferencedProperty="systemuserid" />
</NavigationProperty>

This single-valued navigation property connects multiple account records to a single systemuser record. Each systemuser record will have a collection-valued navigation property named lk_accountbase_createdby that connects them to the account records they have created.

These values are stored in the relationship definitions that can be accessed either using the Organization Service SDK OneToManyRelationshipMetadata or Web API OneToManyRelationshipMetadata entity type.

Attribute	OneToManyRelationshipMetadata property	Description
`Name`	`ReferencingEntityNavigationPropertyName`	The name of the single-valued navigation property.
`Partner`	`ReferencedEntityNavigationPropertyName`	The name of the collection-valued navigation property.

Lookup properties

We introduced lookup properties in the Web API Properties topic. See Lookup properties.

Single-valued navigation properties have a ReferentialConstraint with a Property attribute that refers to a lookup property. You can recognize lookup properties because they use the following naming convention: _<name>_value.

The ReferentialConstraint has a ReferencedProperty attribute that identifies the primary key name of the related entity type.

In most cases the <name> found in the lookup property will match the name of the navigation property, except in the case of multi-table lookups.

Multi-table lookups

When the single-valued navigation property is part of a multi-table (or polymorphic) lookup there will be a single lookup property which is the ReferentialConstraint for more than one single-valued navigation property.

An entity type may have something like the following combination where a single _customerid_value lookup property supports multiple single-valued navigation properties that represent a multi-table lookup. There will be one single-valued navigation property for each type of table supported by the multi-table lookup.

<EntityType 
    Name="socialprofile" 
    BaseType="mscrm.crmbaseentity">
    <Key>
        <PropertyRef Name="socialprofileid" />
    </Key>
    <Property 
        Name="_customerid_value" <!-- lookup property -->
        Type="Edm.Guid">
        <Annotation 
            Term="Org.OData.Core.V1.Description" 
            String="Shows the customer that this social profile belongs to." />
    </Property>
    <NavigationProperty 
        Name="customerid_contact" <!-- Name different from lookup property -->
        Type="mscrm.contact" 
        Nullable="false" 
        Partner="Socialprofile_customer_contacts">
        <ReferentialConstraint 
            Property="_customerid_value" <!--  Reference to lookup property  -->
            ReferencedProperty="contactid" />
    </NavigationProperty>
    <NavigationProperty 
        Name="customerid_account" <!-- Name different from lookup property -->
        Type="mscrm.account" 
        Nullable="false" 
        Partner="Socialprofile_customer_accounts">
        <ReferentialConstraint 
            Property="_customerid_value"  <!--  Reference to lookup property  -->
            ReferencedProperty="accountid" />
    </NavigationProperty>
</EntityType>

In these cases, setting the value of any of the single-valued navigation properties will set all the other participating single-valued navigation properties to null. The corresponding lookup property GUID value will change, but you will need to retrieve specific annotations available to know which table it now refers to. More information: Lookup property data

When a navigation property Type refers to a collection value, it represents a many-to-one or many-to-many relationship. For example, this is the account entity Account_Tasks navigation property.

<NavigationProperty 
    Name="Account_Tasks" 
    Type="Collection(mscrm.task)" 
    Partner="regardingobjectid_account_task" 
/>

This navigation property connects an account record to many task records. Each task has a single-valued navigation property named regardingobjectid_account_task that refers to the account as the regarding object.

The way you work with collection-valued navigation properties using OData is the same regardless of whether the relationship is a one-to-many or many-to-many relationship. Both are considered collections and you interact with them the same way.

Many-to-one Relationships

A many-to-one relationship is the mirror image of the one-to-many relationship. It will have a partner single-valued navigation property. In the Single-valued navigation properties example above we looked at the createdby single-valued navigation property for the account entity type.

Within the systemuser entity type you will find the collection-valued navigation property partner named lk_accountbase_createdby.

<NavigationProperty Name="lk_accountbase_createdby"
    Type="Collection(mscrm.account)"
    Partner="createdby" />

Many-to-Many Relationships

When the Name and the Partner of the collection-valued navigation property are the same, it represents a many-to-many relationship.

Many-to-many relationships have some implementation details you can find in the service documents. For most use cases, you can ignore them.

For example, every many-to-many relationship has an intersect table which supports it. These intersect tables have entity types that typically have just 4 read-only properties. The following is an example of the teammembership entity type which is an intersect table that supports a many-to-many relationship between systemuser and team entity types.

<EntityType Name="teammembership"
    BaseType="mscrm.crmbaseentity">
    <Key>
        <PropertyRef Name="teammembershipid" />
    </Key>
    <Property Name="systemuserid"
        Type="Edm.Guid" />
    <Property Name="versionnumber"
        Type="Edm.Int64" />
    <Property Name="teammembershipid"
        Type="Edm.Guid" />
    <Property Name="teamid"
        Type="Edm.Guid" />
</EntityType>

You can't work with entity types that represent intersect tables directly because all the properties are read-only. Perform operations on the respective collection-valued navigation properties for each entity type. More information: Associate and disassociate table rows using the Web API

For this many-to-many relationship, the systemuser entity type has this collection-valued navigation property:

<NavigationProperty Name="teammembership_association"
    Type="Collection(mscrm.team)"
    Partner="teammembership_association" />

The team entity type has this collection-valued navigation property:

<NavigationProperty Name="teammembership_association"
    Type="Collection(mscrm.systemuser)"
    Partner="teammembership_association" />

These values are stored in the relationship definitions that can be accessed either using the Organization Service SDK ManyToManyRelationshipMetadata or Web API ManyToManyRelationshipMetadata entity type.

Attribute	ManyToManyRelationshipMetadata property	Description
`Name`	`Entity1NavigationPropertyName`	The name of the collection-valued navigation property for one of the entity types.
`Partner`	`Entity2NavigationPropertyName`	The name of the collection-valued navigation property for the other entity type.

Next steps

Learn about Action Definitions.

Action Definitions

Web API Navigation Properties

Single-valued navigation properties

Lookup properties

Multi-table lookups

Collection-valued navigation properties

Many-to-one Relationships

Many-to-Many Relationships

Next steps

See also

Σχόλια

Πρόσθετοι πόροι

Πρόσθετοι πόροι