Hello Loris,
Thank you for posting question on Microsoft Windows Forum.
Based on the error message "Your credentials could not be verified**" .** It is probably of that the issuing Certificate Authority (CA) certificate is missing in the NTAuth store of the domain controller and client machine.
When you use WHFB, the domain controller needs to validate the certificate sent by the client machine. During the validation, it checks the Key Distribution Center (KDC) service on the domain controller to verify if it can find the issuing CA certificate in the NTAuth registry key. The NTAuth registry key locates at HKLM\Software\Microsoft\EnterpriseCertificates\NTAuth\Certificates.
You can follow the instruction of below article to fix the issue.
Hope the above information is helpful