Whether this issue occurs when logging in all SharePoint Online site collections?
Please follow below steps to troubleshooting the issue.
1.Clear Edge cache & cookies. Click "…" -> History -> Clear browsing data.
2.Open a private window in Edge. Check if the same issue occurs.
3.Update Edge to the latest version.
4.Uninstall Edge then re-install.
5.If it's convenient, change to another Windows PC. Check if the issue is related to your specific computer.