Work with Assembly BOMs
You use assembly bills of materials (BOMs) to structure parent items that must be assembled from components with little to no resource use. An assembly BOM can be used, for example, to sell a parent item as a kit consisting of component items.
You use assembly orders for making end items from components in a simple process that can be performed by one or more basic resources, which are not machine or work centres, or without any resources. For example, an assembly process could be to pick two wine bottles and one coffee sack and then pack them as a gift item.
An assembly BOM is the master data that defines which component items go into an assembled end item and which resources are used to assemble the assembly item. When you enter an assembly item and a quantity in the header of a new assembly order, then the assembly order lines are automatically filled according to the assembly BOM with one assembly order line per component or resource. Learn more at Assembly Management.
Business Central also supports production BOMs. Production BOMs differ from assembly BOMs by involving more complex procedures, including resource usage, production routing and work or machine centres. Learn more about the differences at Work with Bills of Material and Create Production BOMs.
To create an assembly BOM
To define a parent item that consists of other items, and potentially of resources required to put the parent together, you must create an assembly BOM.
Assembly BOMs usually contain items but can also contain one or more resources that are required to put the assembly item together.
Assembly BOMs can have multiple levels, which means that a component on the assembly BOM can be an assembly item itself. In that case, the Assembly BOM field on the assembly BOM line contains Yes.
Special requirements apply to items on assembly BOMs regarding availability. Learn more at To see the availability of an item by its use in assembly BOMs.
There are two parts to creating an assembly BOM:
- Setting up a new item
- Defining the BOM structure of the assembly item.
Set up a new item. Learn more at Register New Items.
Proceed to enter components or resources on the assembly BOM.
On the Item Card page for an assembly item, choose the Assembly action, then choose the Assembly BOM action.
On the Assembly BOM page, fill in the fields as necessary. Hover over a field to read a short description.
Tip
Assembly items can have different variants set in Business Central just like any other item, helping you keep the list of available products shorter. Learn more about the feature at Manage Product Variants.
To edit assembly BOMs
You can edit the lines on an assembly BOM at any time. But be aware that the BOM may be in use on ongoing sales or assemblies of the parent, which may be affected by the change. Choose the Where-Used action to see in which items it is being used and then whether sales or assembly orders may be affected.
- Choose the
icon, enter Items, then choose the related link. - Choose the Yes value in the Assembly BOM column.
- On the Assembly BOM page, choose the Edit List action, then change any field as needed.
To view components and resources indented according to the BOM structure
From the Assembly BOM page, you can open a separate page that shows the components and any resources indented according to their BOM position under the assembly item.
- Choose the icon, enter Items, then choose the related link.
- Open the card for an assembly item. (The Assembly BOM field on the Items page contains Yes.)
- On the Item Card page, choose the Assembly action, then choose the Assembly BOM action.
- On the Assembly BOM page, choose the Show BOM action.
To replace the assembly item with its components on document lines
From any sales and purchase document that contains an assembly item, you can use a special function to replace the line for the assembly item with new lines for its components. This function is useful, for example, if you want to sell the components as a kit that represents the assembly item.
The Explode BOM action is also available on the Assembly BOM page as a way to view subassembly items on an assembly BOM.
Caution
When you have used the Explode BOM function, you cannot easily undo it. You must delete the sales order lines representing the components and then reenter a sales order line for the assembly item.
The following procedure is based on a sales invoice. The same steps apply to other sales documents and all purchase documents.
- Choose the icon, enter Sales Invoices, then choose the related link.
- Open a sales invoice that contains a line for an assembly item.
- Choose the line for an assembly item, then Explode BOM line action.
All fields on the sales invoice line for the assembly item are cleared except for the Item and Description fields. Complete sales invoice lines are inserted for the components and possible resources that comprise the assembly item.
Note
The Picking List by Order report is also changed to show the components only. This means that a warehouse worker picking the parent item, the assembly item, will not see it in the picking list. Learn more at Print the Picking List.
To calculate the standard cost of an assembly item
You calculate the unit cost of an assembly item by rolling up the unit cost of each component and resource in the item's assembly BOM.
You can also calculate and update the standard cost for one or many items on the Standard Cost Worksheet page. Learn more at Update Standard Costs.
The unit cost of an assembly BOM always equals the total of the unit costs of its components, including other assembly BOMs, and any resources.
Note
To calculate the unit cost of an assembly or production BOM, the parent item and its component items must use the Standard costing method. Any resources in the BOM are rolled up if they have a unit cost that is defined on the resource card.
- Choose the icon, enter Items, then choose the related link.
- Open the card for an assembly item. (The Assembly BOM field on the Items page contains Yes.)
- On the Item Card page, choose the Assembly action, then choose the Assembly BOM action.
- On the Assembly BOM page, choose the Calc. Standard Cost action.
- Select one of the following options, then choose the OK button.
| Option | Description |
|---|---|
| Top Level | Calculates the assembly item's standard cost as the total cost of all purchased or assembled items on that assembly BOM regardless of any underlying assembly BOMs. |
| All Levels | Calculates the assembly's item standard cost as the sum of: 1) The calculated cost of all underlying assembly BOMs on the assembly BOM. 2) The cost of all purchased items on the assembly BOM. |
The costs of the items that make up the assembly BOM are copied from the component item cards. The cost of each item is multiplied by the quantity, and the total cost is shown in the Unit Cost field on the item card.
See also
Register New Items
Manage Product Variants
View the Availability of Items
Inventory
Work with Bills of Material
Create Production BOMs
Work with Business Central
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