Processes in Microsoft 365 for setting up Office apps, redeeming product keys, and activating licenses.
If you would like to add guest to your team, you should have this option "Let group owners add people outside your organization to Microsoft 365 Groups as guests" enabled.
Please refer to this part:
I think that my only possibility of controlling the outside people who can connect to the teams is to filter by domain.
Yes in Teams admin center you can control which domains you would like to collaborate with in Teams, other domains would be blocked.
I have an other question : What is the role "Guest Inviter" for ?
To my understanding, this role is an AAD level setting.
Users assigned this role would be able to invite guest in Azure AD protocol.
In Teams if you have already invited a guest to your tenant, the team owner would still be able to add the guest as a member to the team, even if they don't have the role "Guest Inviter" assigned. But would not be able to invite new guests to your tenant.
If the team owner has this role assigned, he would be able to invite new guests.
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