@Jason P, Thanks for posting in Q&A.
For your issue, we can create a filter that contains only Windows cloud PCs, and when we apply Intune policy to the device group, we can add a filter to exclude Windows cloud devices and have the policy apply only to physical devices.
Please note that if you want to use filters, we recommend that you assign the policy to a device group rather than a user group.
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/mem/intune/fundamentals/filters-device-properties
Hope it will help.
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