A family of Microsoft spreadsheet software with tools for analyzing, charting, and communicating data.
Hi Robert,
Given everything you tried and the fact that Excel for the web shows the same behavior, the most likely cause is that the sheet or the workbook structure is protected. When protection is on, the insert, delete, and similar options are removed from the pop-up menu and ribbon, so it feels like nothing happens.
Please try this.
On iPad, open the workbook in Excel, go to the Review tab, tap Protection, then tap Pause Sheet Protection. If you see a lock icon on the sheet tab, you can also tap the tab and choose Protection there. If you are asked for a password, enter it. If several sheets are affected, repeat on each one. If Insert or Delete Sheet is missing when you long-press a sheet tab, also check Review > Protect Workbook and turn it off to remove workbook structure protection.
In Excel for the web, open the same file, switch to Editing if it opens in View, then go to Review and choose Unprotect Sheet. If structure protection is enabled, use Review > Protect Workbook to turn it off. Excel for the web can work with protected files but some password changes still require a full client, so if you are prompted for a password you must supply it.
After you unprotect, try inserting a row or column again. If the options return, protection was the blocker. If not, tell me whether it happens in a brand-new blank workbook stored in OneDrive and I will take the next step with you.