Hello Benjamin Morse,
Thank you for reaching out.
Regarding to your planner task issue, it seems like device problem, Not related with Graph API.
Could you please add planner task manually and see if that shows on your iOS and Android teams app.
After adding planner task manually, if the still see that teams app on your mobile device not able to open the planner task, please remove all O365 apps on device, then reinstall them.
Additionally, I would also suggest checking if there are any firewall issues blocking the tasks updates on the mobile device. Although, It might not be the case.
Hope that helps.
Thanks.
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