Check the ECP virtual directory settings:
Check the web.config file:
Verify the ECP URL: You can check this by running the following command in Exchange Management Shell:
Get-EcpVirtualDirectory | Format-List InternalURL, ExternalURL
Restart IIS and Exchange services:
iisreset /restart
Restart-Service MSExchangeServiceHost
Restart-Service MSExchangeRPC
Check for browser issues:
Also, always run these commands after patching:
cd 'C:\Program Files\Microsoft\Exchange Server\v15\Bin'
.\UpdateCas.ps1
.\UpdateConfigFiles.ps1
iisreset
Microsoft documentation on about_Remote_Troubleshooting: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/exchange/troubleshoot/administration/connecting-remote-server-failed