Maybe I'm missing what you're trying to get at but the options seem self explanatory to me.
Turn off my camera and mic when my screen locks :: If you lock your computer (screen timeout, Win+L, etc) then the camera and mic turn off automatically. By default if your computer locks they remain on and therefore others can see and hear you. You should probably leave this turned on.
Extended diagnostics data :: Store additional diagnostics data that can be used to diagnose issues. Generally this should be off unless you're having an issue with Teams and the support team asks for additional diagnostics data.
Identify me in attendance reports :: When attending a meeting your information is shared with the organizer. Not sure what additional information is shared but with this off they would only get your name I'd wager. I've never looked at an attendance report.