Hi,
Unfortunately there is no way to recover files that were on an Azure VM temporary disk before resizing to a different VM size. Resizing may result in the VM being redeployed to different physical host and/or a different size temporary disk causing disk to be effectively wiped.
Temporary disk
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-machines/managed-disks-overview#temporary-disk
Please click Accept Answer and upvote if the above was helpful.
Thanks.
-TP