This cannot be done from inside the Settings app.
Open the old Control Panel.
Set View at the top to large icons.
Open the Region Applet.
Click the Additional Settings button.
Select the Date tab on the next dialog.
On that tab you can manually type your preferred Date format for the Short Date.
If you want to see 13/January/2026 on the taskbar, type this format: dd/MMMM/yyyy
If you want to see Monday 13/January/2026 on the taskbar, type this format: dd/MMMM/yyyy ddd dd/MMMM/yyyy
Then, apply that setting