Using Classic Outlook on Windows for personal email, calendar, and contact management
If you are using classic Outlook, it uses IMAP and IMAP is a mail-only protocol. If the Gmail account is your default account, your calendar and contacts will be local to your computer, unless you're using a paid business account with Google. You'll see "This computer only" after the names of the non-mail folders. If that's the gmail account and you remove it, you'll lose the contents of the "This computer only" folders.
I wasn't going to suggest a new mail profile, just to remove and re-add the account that's not working, provided it's not your default account.