I did investigate the same issue. Here’s what I found out:
A company tenant that faces the same issue is on the standard release plan and has Viva Connections teams app version 1.0.17.
On my dev-tenant the issue is not reproduceable and opening files within Viva Connections works just fine. Dev-tenant is set to targeted release plan and therefore gets updates from Microsoft early. Viva Connections teams app version on dev-tenant is 1.0.19.
There is no way (to my knowledge) to force an update for Microsoft published teams apps in the team’s admin center. My conclusion is therefore we have to wait for the new version of the Viva Connections teams app and it will likely resolve the issue described above.
Viva Connections app version can be found here:
Teams Admin Center -> Teams apps -> Manage apps -> Viva Connections