Hello,
you downloaded the redistributable package, not the Developer Studio. A redistributable package is not the developer studio, the redist only installs libraries and stuff used by software that was written with VS 2008 .
2008 is far too old and it's not supported anymore. Why do you want to use VS 2008? Why don't you use a new version?
Nevertheless, if you need 2008, then maybe this post can help (without warranty): https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15318560/visual-c-2008-express-download-link-dead There is a link with a setup but I don't know what is downloaded and installed, because I didn't test the reply in the stackoverflow post (because I don't use 2008). You should use a new VS version from here: https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/downloads/
Regards, Guido