Backups can be stored in a Recovery Services vault in the same region as the source data, or they can be stored in a geo-redundant Recovery Services vault. A geo-redundant Recovery Services vault replicates data to a secondary, paired region far from the primary location, allowing you to achieve the geographic diversity you seek. If the primary region becomes inaccessible, you can restore from secondary region data. Microsoft ensures that these paired regions are always separated by at least 300 miles to reduce the possibility of both regions being affected by a natural disaster.
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/reliability/cross-region-replication-azure