Hello @Stross, Jared ,
you can read telemetry from a device supporting the Modbus protocol (both TCP and RTU) using the Microsoft Modbus module.
Keep in mind you both have to add Container create options for RTU too (see this GitHub section).
Check the module logging for more details to see it you get a response:
iotedge logs -f Modbus
See also this blog post (it's an older blog so ignore the old module name).