A family of Microsoft relational database management systems designed for ease of use.
Figured out the answer late yesterday (20-Jun).
TLDR Answer:
Use a named location (\servername\folder\filename), not an IP address (\1.2.3.4\folder\filename)
Full Answer:
I went to add the IP Address to the list of trusted sites in addition to the named location that was already in the list. Access threw an error modal saying that The path you have entered cannot be used as a Trusted Location for security reasons. Choose another location or a specific folder.
This led me to try copying the file from the network location to the user's desktop and it worked fine.
Then I looked at the shortcut and noticed it's listed location was \1.2.3.4\folder\filename and changed it to \servername\folder\filename. Once I did that the program was able to launch without a problem.