A family of Microsoft word processing software products for creating web, email, and print documents.
You didn't specify your operating system when you posted. My reply assumes you are using Word for Windows.
The width of a space character is determined by the font you are using, not by the program.
If your text is left- or right- aligned, you cannot change just the size of the space character. You can use Home>Font>Advanced>Spacing>Condensed on selected text or in a typestyle, but all characters will be affected, not just spaces.
If your text is justified, Microsoft's crappy default algorithm adjusts only the width of the space characters. Consider using left-aligned text instead, as this is known to be more readable as well as looking better. It's possible, using a VBA macro, to put a document into Word 2010 compatibility mode, then apply the WordPerfect justified text algorithm, which looks a lot better. However, by default, Word will try to upsave compatibility-mode files and when it does, the justified text will go back to looking bad.
Unicode fonts contain a Thin Space character that you could use as an alternative to the regular space. Here's a page with more space character alternatives: Unicode spaces