What types of icons are you trying to pin to the Taskbar, are they app icons or for files on your system?
Open the Start Menu and click the All button so you can see the long alphabetical list of installed apps, if you right click an app icon on that long list, do you get the 'Pin to Taskbar' option?
If not, open the Settings App.
Go to Accounts.
Select Access Work or School, is there is a work or school Email listed there?