Hi Max,
The error codes 0x8007000D - 0x20006 (SAFE_OS during REPLICATE_OC) and 0x800f0805 denotes that the CBS registry key is damaged or deleted entirely. Do you have System Restore Points on the computer?
Please open Command Prompt (admin) and run these commands to query the servicing configuration:
dism /online /get-intl
dism /online /get-currentedition
vssadmin list shadows
powershell -command "Get-ComputerRestorePoint | Format-Table -AutoSize"
reg save "HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Component Based Servicing" "C:\CBS.dat" /y
Copy the output to a text file and upload it in your next reply.
Also, upload a zipped copy of "C:\CBS.dat" to OneDrive and post the link here.