Is this where you looked? https://account.microsoft.com/devices/recoverykey
If you set it up with school or work account, it is worth checking here as well https://aka.ms/aadrecoverykey sign in with your work/school email credential in that case.
Any chance your laptop was purchased used, or already set up for you? Or was it gifted? Or have you set it up with a different account at first? The key is stored with the very Microsoft account used to set up the computer for the first time, even if you had got rid of that account and set it up with a different account. So, if your computer was set up by anyone at the store you bought it from, it would be that person's account.
I assume you don't remember opting out of not saving it in Microsoft account, and saving it to a local file instead? That's another possibility.
Otherwise, you need to do a clean install. I don't think you can even factory reset.
I will share the instructions: To perform a clean installation of Windows 11 using the Windows Media Creation Tool. You do need to get access to another computer so you can download the Windows installation files into a flash drive, then use the flash drive to help your computer. Hopefully you have a spare computer, or you can have friend or family help you.
The following steps should be done on a working Windows computer:
Download the Windows Media Creation Tool from Microsoft's official website. https://www.microsoft.com/software-download/windows11 click on the "download now" button under "Create Windows 11 Installation Media"
Run the tool and select "Create installation media for another PC."
Choose "USB flash drive" as the media to use for the installation and select "Next."
Connect a USB flash drive with at least 8 GB of free space to your computer.
Select the USB flash drive you want to use, and then select "Next."
The tool will then download the required files and create the installation media.
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Now these steps will be done on your problematic computer:
Go to the computer's BIOS boot menu to have it boot from the USB drive.
Follow the on-screen instructions to install Windows 11, making sure to choose "Custom install" and select the option to delete all existing partitions.
Once the installation is complete, you'll have a clean installation of Windows 11 on your computer.