Oh I see. I do have a VPN installed but it's been off the whole time and has never caused issues before, but I will uninstall it just to be sure. The only 3rd party antivirus I have is Malwarebytes, but I installed it after the problem had started as an attempt to solve the problem, and I only used it to scan my device, so it is disabled.
I still don't understand what you mean about the error code, that error code in the image is from a Google tab that wouldn't load properly on my personal Microsoft account.
This issue is affecting my entire PC, so any app, game, or website that required an internet connection get intermittently interrupted and disconnects from the internet, making it unusable until the drop ends.
For flushing DNS, these commands are something I have tried already multiple times and they didn't work.
I think I have eliminated the possibility of it being an issue with my cable or port, which means to me at least that it's some sort of software error, like configuration, or I have a problem with another piece of hardware that could be appearing as an internet problem, but as far as I can tell nothing really points to the latter being the case.