I don't know about the Intel extension but I can tell you what worked for me (eventually) with KB5089549.
I restarted a few times to try to get updates to download. They seem to take a long time this has only been a problem with the May updates.
I changed the setting in Advanced options for Delivery optimisation and turned off the toggle to Allow downloads from other devices)
KB5089549 eventually completed after 3 days. I did restart while it was in the download phase because they failed. I had .NET and a Malicious Software removal tool trying at the same time. Also had to restart to allow the Install phase to complete once it had downloaded.