you need to cancel the default event (event.preventDefault()) as this needs to be done by Blazor's js event handler, not Blazor code, they give you a way to specify the option. try:
<img src="/dotnet_bot.svg" @onwheel="OnMouseWheel:preventDefault" style="transform: scale(@scale, @scale);">
note: blazor code can not directly access the dom or receive events. javascript is used for this purpose and sends async messages to the blazor code. with WASM the browser supplies a messaging api to WASM apps, and with blazer server signal/r is used.